Montserrat-de la Paz, SergioRodriguez-Martin, Noelia MVillanueva, AlvaroPedroche, JustoCruz-Chamorro, IvanMillan, FranciscoMillan-Linares, Maria C2025-01-072025-01-072020-06-302304-8158https://hdl.handle.net/10668/27123Bioactive protein hydrolysates have been identified in several sources as possible agents in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. A wheat gluten (WG) concentrate was hydrolyzed by Alcalase under specific conditions. The resulting hydrolysates were evaluated by in vitro cell-free experiments leading to the identification of one bioactive WG protein hydrolysate (WGPH), which was used at 50 and 100 μg/mL on primary human monocytes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrite levels and RT-qPCR and ELISA techniques were used to analyze the functional activity of WGPH. Our results showed that WGPH hydrolyzed in 45 min (WGPH45A) down-regulated gene expression of Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and Interferon gamma (IFNγ) and reduced cytokine release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated monocytes. In addition, WGPH45A down-regulated gene-related to atherosclerotic onset. Our results suggest that WGPH45A has a potent anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective properties, reducing the expression of gene-related inflammation and atherosclerosis that could be instrumental in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/atherosclerosisceliac diseasemonocytesprotein hydrolysateswheat glutenresearch article32630013open access10.3390/foods9070854PMC7404777https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/7/854/pdfhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7404777/pdf