Treu, SvenjaGonzalez-Rosa, Javier J.Soto-Leon, VanesaLozano-Soldevilla, DiegoOliviero, AntonioLopez-Sosa, FernandoReneses-Prieto, BlancaBarcia, Juan A.Strange, Bryan A.2022-09-012022-09-012021-05-11Treu S, Gonzalez-Rosa JJ, Soto-Leon V, Lozano-Soldevilla D, Oliviero A, Lopez-Sosa F, et al. A ventromedial prefrontal dysrhythmia in obsessive-compulsive disorder is attenuated by nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation. Brain Stimul. 2021 Jul-Aug;14(4):761-7701935-861Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10668/3972Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has consistently been linked to abnormal frontostriatal activity. The electrophysiological disruption in this circuit, however, remains to be characterized. Objective/hypothesis: The primary goal of this study was to investigate the neuronal synchronization in OCD patients. We predicted aberrant oscillatory activity in frontal regions compared to healthy control subjects, which would be alleviated by deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Methods: We compared scalp EEG recordings from nine patients with OCD treated with NAc-DBS with recordings from healthy controls, matched for age and gender. Within the patient group, EEG activity was compared with DBS turned off vs. stimulation at typical clinical settings (3.5 V, frequency of stimulation 130 Hz, pulse width 60 ms). In addition, intracranial EEG was recorded directly from depth macro electrodes in the NAc in four OCD patients. Results: Cross-frequency coupling between the phase of alpha/low beta oscillations and amplitude of high gamma was significantly increased over midline frontal and parietal electrodes in patients when stimulation was turned off, compared to controls. Critically, in patients, beta (16e25 Hz) -gamma (110 e166 Hz) phase amplitude coupling source localized to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and was reduced wh n NAc-DBS was active. In contrast, intracranial EEG recordings showed no beta-gamma phase amplitude coupling. The contribution of non-sinusoidal beta waveforms to this coupling are reported. Conclusion: We reveal an increased beta-gamma phase amplitude coupling in fronto-central scalp sensors in patients suffering from OCD, compared to healthy controls, which may derive from ventromedial prefrontal regions implicated in OCD and is normalized by DBS of the nucleus accumbens. This aberrant cross-frequency coupling could represent a biomarker of OCD, as well as a target for novel therapeutic approaches.enAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Obsessive-compulsive disorderDeep brain stimulationEEGNucleus accumbensVentromedial frontal cross-frequencyCouplingTrastorno obsesivo compulsivoEstimulación encefálica profundaElectroencefalografíaNúcleo accumbensCorteza prefrontalAcoplamiento neurovascularMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Electrophysiological PhenomenaMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Telencephalon::Cerebrum::Cerebral Cortex::Frontal LobeMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Telencephalon::Cerebrum::Basal Ganglia::Nucleus AccumbensMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Electric Stimulation Therapy::Deep Brain StimulationMedical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Anxiety Disorders::Obsessive-Compulsive Disorderresearch article33984535Acceso abierto10.1016/j.brs.2021.04.0281876-4754