Pardo Cabello, A JBermudo Conde, SManzano Gamero, M V2012-11-082012-11-082011Pardo Cabello AJ, Bermudo Conde S, Manzano Gamero MV. Prevalencia y factores asociados a desnutrición entre pacientes ingresados en un hospital de media-larga estancia. Nutr Hosp; 26(2):369-750212-1611http://hdl.handle.net/10668/604Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de desnutri ciónal ingreso en un hospital de media-larga estancia. Analizar posibles factores asociados a la misma; la posible relación con la mortalidad y los tratamientos de desnutrición realizados. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo a partir de datos analíticos obtenidos de 140 pacientes. Para el diagnóstico de desnutrición, se aplicó una herramienta basada en niveles de albúmina, colesterol total y linfocitos (CONUT). Se recogieron datos demográficos (edad, sexo) y clínicos (presencia de úlceras por presión, sonda nasogástrica, demencia, neoplasia, estancia previa en UCI y diagnóstico principal) al ingreso así como la mortalidad en el primer mes de ingreso. Se revisaron los tratamientos nutricionales administrados. Resultados: La edad de los pacientes fue de 77,1 años y el 63% eran mujeres. El 17,1% de los pacientes presentaba un estado nutricional normal, el 50,7% criterios de desnutrición leve, el 26,4% de desnutrición moderada y el 5,7% de grave. No se halló asociación entre desnutrición y sexo, sonda nasogástrica, úlcera, demencia o neoplasia aunque sí con la edad (P = 0,033). Se halló asociación entre desnutrición moderada-severa y úlcera por presión (P = 0,036). Se encontró asociación entre desnutrición y mortalidad a un mes (OR = 1,389, IC 95% de 1,142 a 1,688; P = 0,001). El 35,6% de los pacientes con desnutrición moderada-severa recibió tratamiento nutricional (28,9% suplementos proteicos y 6,7% dieta enteral). Conclusiones: La desnutrición afecta a la mayor parte de los pacientes que ingresan en un hospital de medialarga estancia y se asocia con mayor mortalidad. Un tercio de los pacientes desnutridos reciben tratamiento nutricional.OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of hyponutrition at admission at a mid- to long-term stay hospital. To analyze the possible factors associated to hyponutrition; the possible relationship with mortality at one month, and the treatments for hyponutrition performed. MATERIALS AND METHOD Descriptive study from the laboratory data obtained in 140 patients. For diagnosing hyponutrition, a tool based on albumin, total cholesterol, and lymphocytes levels was used. Demographical (age and gender) and clinical data (presence of pressure soars, nasogastric tube, dementia, neoplasm, previous admission to the ICU, and main diagnosis) were gathered at admission as well as the mortality at the first month. The treatments used for hyponutrition were reviewed. RESULTS patients' age was 77.1 years and 63% were females. 17.1% of the patients presented normal nutritional status, 50.7% met the criteria for mild hyponutrition, 26.4% of moderate hyponutrition, and 5.7% of severe hyponutrition. We found no association between hyponutrition and gender, nasogastric tube, soars, dementia or neoplasm, but we did so with age (P = 0.033). We found a relationship between moderate-severe hyponutrition and pressure soars (P = 0.036). We found an association between hyponutrition and mortality at one month (OR = 1.357, 95% CI 1.121 to 1.643; P = 0.02). 35.6% of the patients with moderate-severe hyponutrition received therapy for this condition (28.9% with protein supplements and 6.7% with enteral diet). CONCLUSIONS hyponutrition affects most of the patients admitted to a mid to long-term stay hospitals and is associated with higher mortality. One third of hyponutrition patients receive nutritional therapy.esMalnutriciónPacientes hospitalizadosPrevalenciaEvaluación nutricionalMalnutritionInpatientPrevalenceNutritional assessmentAncianoFemeninoMortalidad HospitalariaHospitalizaciónHumanosIntubación GastrointestinalTiempo de InternaciónMasculinoDesnutriciónMediana EdadNeoplasiasApoyo NutricionalÚlcera por PresiónFactores de EdadFactores SexualesAnciano de 80 o más AñosMedical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::AgedMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::FemaleMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Mortality::Hospital MortalityMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Patient Care::HospitalizationMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Intubation::Intubation, GastrointestinalMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Patient Care::Hospitalization::Length of StayMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::MaleMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::MalnutritionMedical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle AgedMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::NeoplasmsMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Nutrition Therapy::Nutritional SupportMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases::Skin Diseases::Skin Ulcer::Pressure UlcerMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Epidemiologic Factors::Sex FactorsMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Epidemiologic Factors::Age FactorsMedical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged::Aged, 80 and overresearch article21666976open access10.1590/S0212-161120110002000191699-5198