Entrenas Castillo, MartaEntrenas Costa, Luis ManuelVaquero Barrios, Jose ManuelAlcala Diaz, Juan FranciscoLopez Miranda, JoseBouillon, RogerQuesada Gomez, Jose Manuel2023-02-092023-02-092020-08-24Entrenas Castillo M, Entrenas Costa LM, Vaquero Barrios JM, Alcalá Díaz JF, López Miranda J, Bouillon R, et al. "Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical study". J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2020 Oct;203:105751http://hdl.handle.net/10668/16186The vitamin D endocrine system may have a variety of actions on cells and tissues involved in COVID-19 progression especially by decreasing the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Calcifediol can rapidly increase serum 25OHD concentration. We therefore evaluated the effect of calcifediol treatment, on Intensive Care Unit Admission and Mortality rate among Spanish patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Parallel pilot randomized open label, double-masked clinical trial. University hospital setting (Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba Spain.) PARTICIPANTS: 76 consecutive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection, clinical picture of acute respiratory infection, confirmed by a radiographic pattern of viral pneumonia and by a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR with CURB65 severity scale (recommending hospital admission in case of total score > 1). All hospitalized patients received as best available therapy the same standard care, (per hospital protocol), of a combination of hydroxychloroquine (400 mg every 12 h on the first day, and 200 mg every 12 h for the following 5 days), azithromycin (500 mg orally for 5 days. Eligible patients were allocated at a 2 calcifediol:1 no calcifediol ratio through electronic randomization on the day of admission to take oral calcifediol (0.532 mg), or not. Patients in the calcifediol treatment group continued with oral calcifediol (0.266 mg) on day 3 and 7, and then weekly until discharge or ICU admission. Outcomes of effectiveness included rate of ICU admission and deaths. Of 50 patients treated with calcifediol, one required admission to the ICU (2%), while of 26 untreated patients, 13 required admission (50 %) p value X2 Fischer test p Our pilot study demonstrated that administration of a high dose of Calcifediol or 25-hydroxyvitamin D, a main metabolite of vitamin D endocrine system, significantly reduced the need for ICU treatment of patients requiring hospitalization due to proven COVID-19. Calcifediol seems to be able to reduce severity of the disease, but larger trials with groups properly matched will be required to show a definitive answer.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/1α, 25(OH)2D or 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D or calcitriolAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)COVID-19Calcifediol or 25-hydroxyvitamin D3Cathelicidin peptideChloroquineCovidiolCuboidal alveolar coating cells type IICytokine/Chemokine stormDefensinsHydroxychloroquineHypercoagulabilityNeutrophil activityRenin-angiotensin systemSARS-CoV-2TLR co-receptor CD14Vitamin DVitamin D endocrine systemVitamin D receptorVitamin D3 or cholecalciferolBetacoronavirusBone density conservation agentsCOVID-19CalcifediolCoronavirus infectionsDouble-blind methodFemaleHospitalizationHumansIntensive care unitsMaleMiddle agedPandemicsPilot projectsPneumonia, viralPrognosisSARS-CoV-2research article32871238open accessConservadores de la densidad óseaHospitalizaciónInfecciones por coronavirusNeumonía viralPandemiasPronósticoProyectos piloto10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.1057511879-1220PMC7456194https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105751https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7456194/pdf