Fontana, LuisPlaza-Díaz, JulioRobles-Bolívar, PaulaValente-Godínez, HéctorSáez-Lara, María JoséAbadía-Molina, FranciscoGómez-Llorented, CarolinaGil, ÁngelÁlvarez-Mercado, Ana I.2022-12-132022-12-132021-01-11Fontana L, Plaza-Díaz J, Robles-Bolívar P, Valente-Godínez H, Sáez-Lara MJ, Abadía-Molina F, et al. Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 Modulate Macrophage Gene Expression and Ameliorate Damage Markers in the Liver of Zucker-Leprfa/fa Rats. Nutrients. 2021 Jan 11;13(1):202http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4490Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has reached pandemic proportions worldwide. We have previously reported that the probiotic strains Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 exert anti-inflammatory effects in the intestine of Zucker-Lepr fa/fa rats. In this work, we focused on their hepatic effects. M1 macrophages are related to inflammation and NAFLD pathogenesis, whereas M2 macrophages release anti-inflammatory mediators. We evaluated the effects of these 3 strains on macrophage polarization, inflammation and liver damage of Zucker-Lepr fa/fa rats. The animals received either a placebo or 1010 CFU of probiotics orally for 30 days. Nos2 and Cd86 mRNA levels were determined as markers of M1 macrophages, and Cd163 and Arg1 as M2 markers, respectively, by qRT-PCR. Liver damage was determined by lipid peroxidation, leukocyte infiltration and myeloperoxidase activity. We evaluated a panoply of circulating chemokines, the hepatic ratio P-Akt/Akt, NF-kB and P-NF-kB protein levels. All 3 probiotic strains modulated macrophage polarization in liver and circulating levels of inflammation-related mediators. L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 increased the ratio P-Akt/Akt and NF-kB protein levels. B. breve CNCM I-4035, L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 and L. rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 decreased both pro-inflammatory macrophage gene expression and leukocyte infiltration in the liver.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/NAFLDLiver damageProbioticsInflammationPolarizationMacrophagesEnfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólicoInsuficiencia hepáticaProbióticosInflamaciónMacrófagosExpresión génicaMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::AnimalsMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Digestive System::LiverMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Digestive System Diseases::Liver DiseasesMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Phagocytes::MacrophagesMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::MaleMedical Subject Headings::Technology and Food and Beverages::Food and Beverages::Food::Dietary Supplements::ProbioticsMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::RatsMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats::Rats, Mutant Strains::Rats, ZuckerMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Processes::Gene Expression RegulationMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Bacteria::Gram-Positive Bacteria::Lactobacillales::Lactobacillaceae::Lactobacillus::Lactobacillus rhamnosusresearch article33440736Acceso abierto10.3390/nu130102022072-6643PMC7826559