Prado, Félix2022-10-052022-10-052021-09-29Prado F. Non-Recombinogenic Functions of Rad51, BRCA2, and Rad52 in DNA Damage Tolerance. Genes. 2021 Sep 29;12(10):1550http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4226The DNA damage tolerance (DDT) response is aimed to timely and safely complete DNA replication by facilitating the advance of replication forks through blocking lesions. This process is associated with an accumulation of single-strand DNA (ssDNA), both at the fork and behind the fork. Lesion bypass and ssDNA filling can be performed by translation synthesis (TLS) and template switching mechanisms. TLS uses low-fidelity polymerases to incorporate a dNTP opposite the blocking lesion, whereas template switching uses a Rad51/ssDNA nucleofilament and the sister chromatid to bypass the lesion. Rad51 is loaded at this nucleofilament by two mediator proteins, BRCA2 and Rad52, and these three factors are critical for homologous recombination (HR). Here, we review recent advances showing that Rad51, BRCA2, and Rad52 perform some of these functions through mechanisms that do not require the strand exchange activity of Rad51: the formation and protection of reversed fork structures aimed to bypass blocking lesions, and the promotion of TLS. These findings point to the central HR proteins as potential molecular switches in the choice of the mechanism of DDT.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Homologous recombinationRad51BRCA2Rad52DNA damage toleranceRecombinación homólogaRecombinasa Rad51Proteína BRCA2Proteína recombinante y reparadora de ADN Rad52Daño del ADNMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::AnimalsMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Nuclear Proteins::BRCA1 ProteinMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Processes::DNA DamageMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Recombinases::Rec A Recombinases::Rad51 RecombinaseMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::DNA-Binding Proteins::Rad52 DNA Repair and Recombination ProteinMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Processes::Recombination, GeneticMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Processes::DNA Repairreview article34680945Acceso abierto10.3390/genes121015502073-4425PMC8535942