Cornely, Oliver ACisneros, Jose MTorre-Cisneros, JulianRodriguez-Hernandez, Maria JesusTallon-Aguilar, LuisCalbo, EstherHorcajada, Juan PQueckenberg, ChristianZettelmeyer, UlrikeArenz, DorotheeRosso-Fernandez, Clara MJimenez-Jorge, SilviaTurner, GuyRaber, SusanO'Brien, SeamusLuckey, Alison2023-02-082023-02-082019-11-03Cornely OA, Cisneros JM, Torre-Cisneros J, Rodríguez-Hernández MJ, Tallón-Aguilar L, Calbo E, et al. Pharmacokinetics and safety of aztreonam/avibactam for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in hospitalized adults: results from the REJUVENATE study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Mar 1;75(3):618-627http://hdl.handle.net/10668/14818To investigate pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety (primary objectives) and efficacy (secondary objective) of the investigational monobactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination aztreonam/avibactam in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI). This Phase 2a open-label, multicentre study (NCT02655419; EudraCT 2015-002726-39) enrolled adults with cIAI into sequential cohorts for 5-14 days treatment. Cohort 1 patients received an aztreonam/avibactam loading dose of 500/137 mg (30 min infusion), followed by maintenance doses of 1500/410 mg (3 h infusions) q6h; Cohort 2 received 500/167 mg (30 min infusion), followed by 1500/500 mg (3 h infusions) q6h. Cohort 3 was an extension of exposure at the higher dose regimen. Doses were adjusted for creatinine clearance of 31-50 mL/min (Cohorts 2 + 3). All patients received IV metronidazole 500 mg q8h. PK, safety and efficacy were assessed. Thirty-four patients (Cohort 1, n = 16; Cohorts 2 + 3, n = 18) comprised the modified ITT (MITT) population. Mean exposures of aztreonam and avibactam in Cohorts 2 + 3 were consistent with those predicted to achieve joint PK/pharmacodynamic target attainment in >90% patients. Adverse events (AEs) were similar between cohorts. The most common AEs were hepatic enzyme increases [n = 9 (26.5%)] and diarrhoea [n = 5 (14.7%)]. Clinical cure rates at the test-of-cure visit overall were 20/34 (58.8%) (MITT) and 14/23 (60.9%) (microbiological-MITT population). Observed AEs were consistent with the known safety profile of aztreonam monotherapy, with no new safety concerns identified. These data support selection of the aztreonam/avibactam 500/167 mg (30 min infusion) loading dose and 1500/500 mg (3 h infusions) maintenance dose q6h regimen, in patients with creatinine clearance >50 mL/min, for the Phase 3 development programme.enAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/AdultAnti-bacterial agentsAzabicyclo compoundsAztreonamCeftazidimeDrug combinationsHumansIntraabdominal infectionsresearch article31828337open accessCeftazidimaCombinación de medicamentosHumanosInfecciones intraabdominales10.1093/jac/dkz4971460-2091PMC7021089https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz497https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7021089/pdf