Villalón, PilarValdezate, SylviaCabezas, TeresaOrtega, MontserratGarrido, NoeliaVindel, AnaMedina-Pascual, María JSaez-Nieto, Juan A2016-07-222016-07-222015-02-25Villalón P, Valdezate S, Cabezas T, Ortega M, Garrido N, Vindel A, et al. Endemic and epidemic Acinetobacter baumannii clones: a twelve-year study in a tertiary care hospital. BMC Microbiol. 2015; 15:47http://hdl.handle.net/10668/2281Journal Article;BACKGROUND Nosocomial outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are of worldwide concern. Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and multiple locus variable number tandem repeat sequence (VNTR) analysis (MLVA), the present work examines the genetic diversity of the endemic and epidemic A. baumannii clones isolated in a single hospital over a twelve-year period. RESULTS PFGE analysis of 405 A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolates detected 15 A. baumannii endemic/epidemic PFGE types (EE1 to EE15) that grouped into five clusters: EE1-EE8, EE9, EE10, EE11 and EE12-EE15. The MLST sequence type (ST) distributions were: international clone II (ST-2) 60%, international clone III (ST-3) 26.7%, ST-15 6.7%, and ST-80 6.7%. MLVA-8Orsay returned 17 allelic profiles. The large (L) VNTR marker profiles were fully concordant with the detected STs, and concordant with 14 up to 15 PFGE types. Imipenem resistance was detected in five PFGE types; the prevalence of the bla OXA-58-like and bla OXA-40-like genes was 60% and 40% respectively. CONCLUSIONS PFGE proved to be a vital tool for analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution of the clones. MLST and the VNTR L-markers grouped the isolates into clonal clusters. The wide diversity of MLVA small (S)-markers, however, did not permit clustering. The present results demonstrate the persistence of several endemic PFGE types in the hospital, the involvement of some of them in outbreaks, and the inter hospital transmission of extensively drug-resistant ST-15 and ST-80.enA baumanniiPFGEsequence typeAcinetobacter baumanniiMLVAGenotipoCloneADN BacterianoTipificación de Secuencias MultilocusMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Bacteria::Proteobacteria::Gammaproteobacteria::Moraxellaceae::Acinetobacter::Acinetobacter baumanniiMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides::Nucleic Acids::DNA::DNA, BacterialMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::GenotypeMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides::Nucleic Acids::DNA::DNA, BacterialMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Genetic Techniques::Molecular EpidemiologyMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Genetic Techniques::Sequence Analysis::Sequence Analysis, DNA::Multilocus Sequence TypingMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Polymorphism, Genetic::Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Bacterial Infections and Mycoses::Bacterial Infections::Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections::Moraxellaceae Infections::Acinetobacter InfectionsMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Structures::Genome::Genome Components::Tandem Repeat Sequences::Minisatellite Repeatsresearch article25887224open access10.1186/s12866-015-0383-y1471-2180PMC4352537