Campoy, CristinaAzaryah, HatimTorres-Espinola, Francisco JMartínez-Zaldivar, CristinaGarcia-Santos, Jose AntonioDemmelmair, HansHaile, GudrunGyörei, EszterRamirez-Tortosa, Maria Del CarmenReischl, EvaRzehak, PeterMolloy, Anne MDecsi, TamasLuna, Juan de DiosKoletzko, BertholdPerez-Garcia, Miguel2023-02-092023-02-092020-12-31Campoy C, Azaryah H, Torres-Espínola FJ, Martínez-Zaldívar C, García-Santos JA, Demmelmair H, et al. Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Homocysteine at Birth and Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Cluster Polymorphisms are Associated with Children's Processing Speed up to Age 9 Years. Nutrients. 2020 Dec 31;13(1):131.http://hdl.handle.net/10668/16913Both pre- and early postnatal supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA) and folate have been related to neural development, but their long-term effects on later neural function remain unclear. We evaluated the long-term effects of maternal prenatal supplementation with fish-oil (FO), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), placebo or FO + 5-MTHF, as well as the role of fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster polymorphisms, on their offspring's processing speed at later school age. This study was conducted in NUHEAL children at 7.5 (n = 143) and 9 years of age (n = 127). Processing speed tasks were assessed using Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Children Color Trails Test (CCTT) and Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT). Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, folate and total homocysteine (tHcy) levels were determined at delivery from maternal and cord blood samples. FADS and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 C > T genetic polymorphisms were analyzed. Mixed models (linear and logistic) were performed. There were significant differences in processing speed performance among children at different ages (p T genetic polymorphisms were analyzed. Mixed models (linear and logistic) were performed. There were significant differences in processing speed performance among children at different ages (penAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/FADS genechildrenfolatelong-chain polyunsaturated fatty acidsneurodevelopmentprenatal supplementationprocessing speedAdultBrainChildChild DevelopmentCognitionDelta-5 Fatty Acid DesaturaseDietary SupplementsDocosahexaenoic AcidsFatty Acid DesaturasesFemaleFetal BloodFollow-Up StudiesHomocysteineHumansInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaInfant, NewbornMaleMaternal AgeMaternal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaMethylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)Multigene FamilyPolymorphism, GeneticPregnancyStroop TestTetrahydrofolatesYoung Adultresearch article33396458open accessÁcidos docosahexaenoicosÁcido graso desaturasasDelta-5 Desaturasa de ácido grasoTetrahidrofolatosTest de stroopSuplementos dietéticosPolimorfismo genéticoMetilenotetrahidrofolato reductasa (NADPH2)HomocisteínaFenómenos fisiológicos Nutricionales del lactante10.3390/nu130101312072-6643PMC7824114https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/1/131/pdf?version=1610105961https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7824114/pdf