Vogt, Elinor ChelsomReal, Francisco GómezHusebye, Eystein SverreBjörnsdottir, SigridurBenediktsdottir, BryndisBertelsen, Randi JacobsenDemoly, PascalFranklin, Karl Andersde Aja Gallastegui, Leire SainzGonzález, Francisco Javier CallejasHeinrich, JoachimHolm, MathiasJogi, Nils OscarLeynaert, BenedicteLindberg, EvaMalinovschi, AndreiMartínez-Moratalla, JesúsMayoral, Raúl GodoyOudin, AnnaPereira-Vega, AntonioSemjen, Chantal RaherisonSchlünssen, ViviTriebner, KaiØksnes, Marianne2023-05-032023-05-032022-05-252049-3614http://hdl.handle.net/10668/20440To investigate markers of premature menopause ( Postmenopausal women were categorized according to age at menopause and self-reported reason for menopause in a cross-sectional analysis of 6870 women. Variables associated with the timing of menopause and hormone measurements of 17β-estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone were explored using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Specific immunoprecipitating assays of steroidogenic autoantibodies against 21-hydroxylase (21-OH), side-chain cleavage enzyme (anti-SCC) and 17alpha-hydroxylase (17 OH), as well as NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 were used to identify women with likely autoimmune POI. Premature menopause was identified in 2.8% of women, and these women had higher frequencies of nulliparity (37.4% vs 19.7%), obesity (28.7% vs 21.4%), osteoporosis (17.1% vs 11.6%), hormone replacement therapy (59.1% vs 36.9%) and never smokers (60.1% vs 50.9%) (P Idiopathic POI affects 1.1% of all women and almost half of the women with premature menopause. Autoimmunity explains 4.5% of these cases judged by positive steroidogenic autoantibodies.enAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/autoimmunepremature menopausepremature ovarian failurepremature ovarian insufficiencyprimary ovarian insufficiencyresearch article35521804open access10.1530/EC-22-0024PMC9175594https://ec.bioscientifica.com/downloadpdf/journals/ec/11/5/EC-22-0024.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175594/pdf