Anantharaman, DevasenaMuller, David CLagiou, PagonaAhrens, WolfgangHolcatova, IvanaMerletti, FrancoKjærheim, KristinaPolesel, JerrySimonato, LorenzoCanova, CristinaCastellsague, XavierMacfarlane, Tatiana VZnaor, ArianaThomson, PeterRobinson, MaxConway, David IHealy, Claire MTjønneland, AnneWestin, UllaEkström, JohannaChang-Claude, JennyKaaks, RudolfOvervad, KimDrogan, DagmarHallmans, GöranLaurell, GöranBueno-de-Mesquita, H BPeeters, Petra HAgudo, AntonioLarrañaga, NereaTravis, Ruth CPalli, DomenicoBarricarte, AurelioTrichopoulou, AntoniaGeorge, SaitakisTrichopoulos, DimitriosQuiros, J RamonGrioni, SaraSacerdote, CarlottaNavarro, CarmenSánchez, María-JoséTumino, RosarioSeveri, GianlucaBoutron-Ruault, Marie-ChristineClavel-Chapelon, FrancoisePanico, SalvatoreWeiderpass, ElisabeteLund, EilivGram, Inger TRiboli, ElioPawlita, MichaelWaterboer, TimKreimer, Aimée RJohansson, MattiasBrennan, Paul2023-01-252023-01-252015-10-05Anantharaman D, Muller DC, Lagiou P, Ahrens W, Holcátová I, Merletti F, et al. Combined effects of smoking and HPV16 in oropharyngeal cancer. Int J Epidemiol. 2016 Jun;45(3):752-61.http://hdl.handle.net/10668/10104Although smoking and HPV infection are recognized as important risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer, how their joint exposure impacts on oropharyngeal cancer risk is unclear. Specifically, whether smoking confers any additional risk to HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is not understood. Using HPV serology as a marker of HPV-related cancer, we examined the interaction between smoking and HPV16 in 459 oropharyngeal (and 1445 oral cavity and laryngeal) cancer patients and 3024 control participants from two large European multi-centre studies. Odds ratios and credible intervals [CrI], adjusted for potential confounders, were estimated using Bayesian logistic regression. Both smoking [odds ratio (OR [CrI]: 6.82 [4.52, 10.29]) and HPV seropositivity (OR [CrI]: 235.69 [99.95, 555.74]) were independently associated with oropharyngeal cancer. The joint association of smoking and HPV seropositivity was consistent with that expected on the additive scale (synergy index [CrI]: 1.32 [0.51, 3.45]), suggesting they act as independent risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer. Smoking was consistently associated with increase in oropharyngeal cancer risk in models stratified by HPV16 seropositivity. In addition, we report that the prevalence of oropharyngeal cancer increases with smoking for both HPV16-positive and HPV16-negative persons. The impact of smoking on HPV16-positive oropharyngeal cancer highlights the continued need for smoking cessation programmes for primary prevention of head and neck cancer.enHuman papillomavirushead and neck cancer riskinteractionoropharynx cancertobacco smokingAdultAgedAntibodies, ViralBayes TheoremCase-Control StudiesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayEuropeFemaleHuman papillomavirus 16HumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioOropharyngeal NeoplasmsPapillomavirus InfectionsRisk FactorsTobacco Smokingresearch article27197530Restricted AccessTeorema de BayesPersona de mediana edadPapillomavirus humano 16Oportunidad relativaNeoplasias orofaríngeasModelos logísticosInfecciones por papillomavirusFumar tabacoEuropa (Continente)Estudios de casos y controlesEnsayo de inmunoadsorción enzimáticaAnticuerpos antivirales10.1093/ije/dyw0691464-3685PMC5841602https://academic.oup.com/ije/article-pdf/45/3/752/24170380/dyw069.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5841602/pdf