Contreras-Bolívar, VictoriaGarcía-Fontana, BeatrizGarcía-Fontana, CristinaMuñoz-Torres, Manuel2022-09-292022-09-292021-10-01Contreras-Bolívar V, García-Fontana B, García-Fontana C, Muñoz-Torres M. Mechanisms Involved in the Relationship between Vitamin D and Insulin Resistance: Impact on Clinical Practice. Nutrients. 2021 Oct 1;13(10):3491http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4181Recent evidence has revealed anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin D as well as extra-skeletal activity. In this context, vitamin D seems to be involved in infections, autoimmune diseases, cardiometabolic diseases, and cancer development. In recent years, the relationship between vitamin D and insulin resistance has been a topic of growing interest. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels appear to be associated with most of the insulin resistance disorders described to date. In fact, vitamin D deficiency may be one of the factors accelerating the development of insulin resistance. Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in the population and may be associated with the pathogenesis of diseases related to insulin resistance, such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MS) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). An important question is the identification of 25(OH)D levels capable of generating an effect on insulin resistance, glucose metabolism and to decrease the risk of developing insulin resistance related disorders. The benefits of 25(OH)D supplementation/repletion on bone health are well known, and although there is a biological plausibility linking the status of vitamin D and insulin resistance supported by basic and clinical research findings, well-designed randomized clinical trials as well as basic research are necessary to know the molecular pathways involved in this association.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Vitamin D25-hydroxyvitamin DCalcitriolVitamin D receptor25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylaseInsulin resistanceHomeostasis model assessment of insulin resistanceType 2 diabetesObesityMetabolic syndromePolycystic ovary syndromeVitamina DCalcifediolReceptores de calcitriol25-hidroxivitamina D3 1-alfa-hidroxilasaResistencia a la insulinaHomeostasisDiabetes Mellitus Tipo 2ObesidadSíndrome metabólicoSíndrome del ovario poliquísticoMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::FemaleMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Pharmacological Phenomena::Drug Resistance::Insulin ResistanceMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::MaleMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional StatusMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Malnutrition::Deficiency Diseases::Avitaminosis::Vitamin D DeficiencyMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::HomeostasisMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::ObesityMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Hyperinsulinism::Insulin Resistancereview article34684492open access10.3390/nu131034912072-6643PMC8539968