Roc, Lourdesde Mendoza, CarmenFernández-Alonso, MiriamReina, GabrielSoriano, VicenteSpanish HTLV Network2025-01-072025-01-072019-08-212049-9361https://hdl.handle.net/10668/27714Two kidney transplant recipients from a single donor became infected with HTLV-1 (human T-lymphotropic virus type 1) in Spain. One developed myelopathy 8 months following surgery despite early prescription of antiretroviral therapy. The allograft was removed from the second recipient at month 8 due to rejection and immunosuppressors discontinued. To date, 3 years later, this patient remains infected but asymptomatic. HTLV-1 infection was recognized retrospectively in the donor, a native Spaniard who had sex partners from endemic regions. Our findings call for a reappraisal of screening policies on donor-recipient organ transplantation. Based on the high risk of disease development and the large flux of persons from HTLV-1 endemic regions, pre-transplant HTLV-1 testing should be mandatory in Spain.enAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/HTLV-1antiretroviral drugsmyelopathyscreeningtransplantationresearch article31467675open access10.1177/2049936119868028PMC6704407https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2049936119868028https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6704407/pdf