Juncal-Ruiz, MariaRiesco-Davila, LauraVazquez-Bourgon, JavierOrtiz-Garcia de la Foz, VictorMayoral-Van Son, JacquelineAyesa-Arriola, RosaSetien-Suero, EstherLeza, Juan CarlosLopez-Hoyos, MarcosCrespo-Facorro, Benedicto2023-02-092023-02-092020-08-19Juncal-Ruiz M, Riesco-Davila L, Vazquez-Bourgon J, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz V, Mayoral-Van Son J, Ayesa-Arriola R, et al. Expression and Functionality Study of 9 Toll-Like Receptors in 33 Drug-Naïve Non-Affective First Episode Psychosis Individuals: A 3-Month Study. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 25;21(17):6106http://hdl.handle.net/10668/16165Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a pivotal component of the innate immune system that seem to have a role in the pathogenesis of psychosis. The purpose of this work was to compare the expression and functionality of 9 TLRs in three peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (monocytes, B cells, and T cells) between 33 drug-naïve first-episode psychosis (FEP) individuals and 26 healthy volunteers, at baseline and after 3-month of antipsychotic treatment. The expression of TLRs 1-9 were assessed by flow cytometry. For the assessment of the TLR functionality, cells collected in sodium heparin tubes were polyclonally stimulated for 18 h, with different agonists for human TLR1-9. The results of our study highlight the role that TLR5 and TLR8 might play in the pathophysiology of psychosis. We found a lower expression of these receptors in FEP individuals, regarding healthy volunteers at baseline and after 3-month of treatment on the three PBMCs subsets. Most TLRs showed a lower functionality (especially reduced intracellular levels of TNF-α) in patients than in healthy volunteers. These results, together with previous evidence, suggest that individuals with psychosis might show a pattern of TLR expression that differs from that of healthy volunteers, which could vary according to the intensity of immune/inflammatory response.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/cytokinesneuroinflammationpsychosistoll-like receptorsAdultAntipsychotic agentsB-LymphocytesCase-control studiesFemaleHumansLeukocytes, mononuclearMaleProspective studiesPsychotic disordersT-LymphocytesToll-Like receptor 5Toll-Like receptor 8Young adultresearch article32854231open accessAntipsicóticosLeucocitos mononuclearesLinfocitos BLinfocitos TReceptor Toll-Like 5Receptor Toll-Like 8Trastornos psicóticos10.3390/ijms211761061422-0067PMC7504008https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6106/pdf?version=1598509218https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7504008/pdf