Molina, JesúsGonzález-Gamarra, AmeliaGinel, LeovigildoPeláez, Mª EncarnaciónJuez, Juan LuisArtuñedo, AntonioAldana, GonzaloQuesada, EnriquetaCabré, Joan JosepGómez, AntonioLinares, ManuelMarín, Maria TeresaYolanda Sanchez, PilarNúñez, LeonorGonzálvez, JaimeMascarós, EnriqueLópez, JavierCano, AgustinaHerrero, JoséCarmen Serra, MaríaCimas, EnriquePedrol, MartaAlfaro, Juan VicenteMartinón-Torres, FedericoCifuentes, IsabelMéndez, CristinaOcaña, DanielOn Behalf Of The Cappric Study Group,2023-02-092023-02-092021-02-282076-2607http://hdl.handle.net/10668/17291The real burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in non-hospitalized patients is largely unknown. This is a 3-year prospective, observational study of ambulatory CAP in adults, conducted in 24 Spanish primary care centers between 2016-2019. Sociodemographic and clinical variables of patients with radiographically confirmed CAP were collected. Pneumococcal etiology was assessed using the Binax Now® test. Patients were followed up for 10 ± 3 days. A total of 456 CAP patients were included in the study. Mean age was 56.6 (±17.5) years, 53.5% were female, and 53.9% had ≥1 comorbidity. Average incidence of CAP was 1.2-3.5 cases per 1000 persons per year. Eighteen patients (3.9%) were classified as pneumococcal CAP. Cough was present in 88.1% of patients at diagnosis and fever in 70.8%. Increased pulmonary density (63.3%) and alveolar infiltrates with air bronchogram (16.6%) were the most common radiographic findings. After 14.6 ± 6.0 days (95% CI = 13.9-15.3), 65.4% of patients had recovered. Hospitalization rate was 2.8%. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were quinolones (58.7%) and β-lactams (31.1%). In conclusion, one-third of CAP patients did not fully recover after two weeks of empiric antibiotic therapy and 2.8% required hospitalization, highlighting the significant burden associated with non-hospitalized CAP in Spain.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/CAPambulatorycommunity-acquired pneumonianon-hospitalizedoutpatientpneumococcal CAPresearch article33670930open access10.3390/microorganisms9030508PMC7997465https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/3/508/pdf?version=1615893355https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7997465/pdf