Servia-Goixart, LluisLopez-Delgado, Juan CGrau-Carmona, TeodoroTrujillano-Cabello, JavierBordeje-Laguna, M LuisaMor-Marco, EstherPortugal-Rodriguez, EstherLorencio-Cardenas, CarolMontejo-Gonzalez, Juan CVera-Artazcoz, PaulaMacaya-Redin, LauraMartinez-Carmona, Juan FranciscoIglesias-Rodriguez, RaydenMonge-Donaire, DianaFlordelis-Lasierra, Jose LLlorente-Ruiz, BeatrizMenor-Fernandez, Eva MMartinez de Lagran, ItziarYebenes-Reyes, Juan C2023-05-032023-05-032021-11-08Servia-Goixart L, Lopez-Delgado JC, Grau-Carmona T, Trujillano-Cabello J, Bordeje-Laguna ML, Mor-Marco E, et al. Evaluation of Nutritional Practices in the Critical Care patient (The ENPIC study): Does nutrition really affect ICU mortality? Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2022 Feb;47:325-332http://hdl.handle.net/10668/22109The importance of artificial nutritional therapy is underrecognized, typically being considered an adjunctive rather than a primary therapy. We aimed to evaluate the influence of nutritional therapy on mortality in critically ill patients. This multicenter prospective observational study included adult patients needing artificial nutritional therapy for >48 h if they stayed in one of 38 participating intensive care units for ≥72 h between April and July 2018. Demographic data, comorbidities, diagnoses, nutritional status and therapy (type and details for ≤14 days), and outcomes were registered in a database. Confounders such as disease severity, patient type (e.g., medical, surgical or trauma), and type and duration of nutritional therapy were also included in a multivariate analysis, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were reported. We included 639 patients among whom 448 (70.1%) and 191 (29.9%) received enteral and parenteral nutrition, respectively. Mortality was 25.6%, with non-survivors having the following characteristics: older age; more comorbidities; higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores (6.6 ± 3.3 vs 8.4 ± 3.7; P  Old age, higher organ failure scores, and greater nutritional risk appear to be associated with higher mortality. Patients who need parenteral nutrition after starting enteral nutrition may represent a high-risk subgroup for mortality due to illness severity and problems receiving appropriate nutritional therapy. Mean calorie and protein delivery also appeared to influence outcomes.enAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Enteral nutritionIntensive care unitMortalityNutritional therapyParenteral nutritionAdultCritical CareEnteral NutritionHumansIntensive Care UnitsNutritional StatusParenteral Nutritionresearch article35063222open accessMortalidadNutrición parenteralEstudio observacionalGravedad del pacienteEstado nutricional10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.0182405-4577http://clinicalnutritionespen.com/article/S2405457721011220/pdf