Marquez, JavierCampos-Sandoval, Jose APeñalver, AnaMates, Jose MSegura, Juan ABlanco, EduardoAlonso, Francisco JRodriguez-de-Fonseca, Fernando2023-01-252023-01-252016-12-23Márquez J, Campos-Sandoval JA, Peñalver A, Matés JM, Segura JA, Blanco E, et al. Glutamate and Brain Glutaminases in Drug Addiction. Neurochem Res. 2017 Mar;42(3):846-857http://hdl.handle.net/10668/10711Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and its actions are related to the behavioral effects of psychostimulant drugs. In the last two decades, basic neuroscience research and preclinical studies with animal models are suggesting a critical role for glutamate transmission in drug reward, reinforcement, and relapse. Although most of the interest has been centered in post-synaptic glutamate receptors, the presynaptic synthesis of glutamate through brain glutaminases may also contribute to imbalances in glutamate homeostasis, a key feature of the glutamatergic hypothesis of addiction. Glutaminases are the main glutamate-producing enzymes in brain and dysregulation of their function have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders; however, the possible implication of these enzymes in drug addiction remains largely unknown. This mini-review focuses on brain glutaminase isozymes and their alterations by in vivo exposure to drugs of abuse, which are discussed in the context of the glutamate homeostasis theory of addiction. Recent findings from mouse models have shown that drugs induce changes in the expression profiles of key glutamatergic transmission genes, although the molecular mechanisms that regulate drug-induced neuronal sensitization and behavioral plasticity are not clear.enCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/CocaineDrugs of abuseGlutamateGlutamatergic neuroadaptationsGlutaminaseSynaptic plasticityAnimalsBrainEndocannabinoidsGlutamic AcidGlutaminaseHomeostasisHumansIllicit DrugsIsoenzymesLipid MetabolismSubstance-Related Disordersresearch article28012058open accessDrogas ilícitasEncéfaloEndocannabinoidesGlutaminasaHomeostasisIsoenzimasMetabolismo de los lípidosTrastornos relacionados con sustanciasÁcido glutámico10.1007/s11064-016-2137-01573-6903https://repositori.udl.cat/bitstream/10459.1/63098/3/026089.pdf