RT Journal Article
T1 Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles Among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study †
A1 Plaza-Díaz, Julio
A1 Molina-Montes, Esther
A1 Soto-Méndez, María José
A1 Madrigal, Casandra
A1 Hernández-Ruiz, Ángela
A1 Valero, Teresa
A1 Lara Villoslada, Federico
A1 Leis, Rosaura
A1 Martínez de Victoria, Emilio
A1 Moreno, José Manuel
A1 Ortega, Rosa M.
A1 Ruiz-López, María Dolores
A1 Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio
A1 Gil, Ángel
K1 Children
K1 Cluster analysis
K1 Dietary patterns
K1 Physical activity
K1 Sedentary behavior
K1 Niño
K1 Análisis por grupos
K1 Conducta alimentaria
K1 Physical activity
K1 Conducta sedentaria
AB Dietary patterns (DPs) are known to be tied to lifestyle behaviors. Understanding DPs and their relationships with lifestyle factors can help to prevent children from engaging in unhealthy dietary practices. We aimed to describe DPs in Spanish children aged 1 to <10 years and to examine their associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The consumption of toddler and young children milk formulas, enriched and fortified milk within the Spanish pediatric population is increasing, and there is a lack of evidence whether the consumption of this type of milk is causing an impact on nutrient intakes and if they are helping to reach the nutrient recommendations. Within the Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI), we considered two study cohorts and three different age groups in three year-intervals in each of them. The study cohort included 740 children in a representative sample of the urban non-vegan Spanish population and 772 children in a convenience cohort of adapted milk consumers (AMS) (including follow-on formula, toddler's milk, growing up milk, and fortified and enriched milks) who provided information about sociodemographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits; a food frequency questionnaire was used for the latter. Principal component analysis was performed to identify DPs from 18 food groups. Food groups and sociodemographic/lifestyle variables were combined through a hierarchical cluster algorithm. Three DPs predominated in every age group and study sample: a palatable energy-dense food dietary pattern, and two Mediterranean-like DPs. However, children from the AMS showed a predominant dietary pattern markedly related to the Mediterranean diet, with high consumption of cereals, fruits and vegetables, as well as milk and dairy products. The age of children and certain lifestyle factors, namely level of physical activity, parental education, and household income, correlated closely with the dietary clusters. Thus, the findings provide insight into designing lifestyle interventions that could reverse the appearance of unhealthy DPs in the Spanish child population.
PB MDPI
YR 2020
FD 2020-08-21
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/3896
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/3896
LA en
NO Plaza-Díaz J, Molina-Montes E, Soto-Méndez MJ, Madrigal C, Hernández-Ruiz Á, Valero T, et al. Clustering of Dietary Patterns and Lifestyles Among Spanish Children in the EsNuPI Study †. Nutrients. 2020 Aug 21;12(9):2536
DS RISalud
RD Apr 14, 2025