RT Journal Article
T1 Permanent control of HIV-1 pathogenesis in exceptional elite controllers: a model of spontaneous cure
A1 Casado, Concepcion
A1 Galvez, Cristina
A1 Pernas, Maria
A1 Tarancon-Diez, Laura
A1 Rodriguez, Carmen
A1 Sanchez-Merino, Víctor
A1 Vera, Mar
A1 Olivares, Isabel
A1 De Pablo-Bernal, Rebeca
A1 Merino-Mansilla, Alberto
A1 Del Romero, Jorge
A1 Lorenzo-Redondo, Ramon
A1 Ruiz-Mateos, Ezequiel
A1 Salgado, María
A1 Martinez-Picado, Javier
A1 Lopez-Galindez, Cecilio
K1 Disease progression
K1 HIV-1
K1 Spontaneous cure
K1 DNA
K1 Viral load
K1 Elite controllers, HIV
K1 Viruses
K1 Progresión de la enfermedad
K1 VIH-1
K1 ADN
K1 Virus
K1 Carga viral
K1 VIH no-progresivos
AB Elite controllers (EC) represent a small subset of HIV-1-infected people that spontaneously control viral replication. However, natural virological suppression and absence of immune dysfunction are not always long-term sustained. We define exceptional EC (EEC) as HIV-1 subjects who maintain the EC characteristics without disease progression for more than 25 years. We analyzed three EEC, diagnosed between 1988 and 1992, who never showed signs of clinical disease progression in absence of any antiretroviral treatment. A comprehensive clinical, virological, and immunological study was performed. The individuals simultaneously exhibited ≥3 described host protective alleles, low levels of total HIV-1 DNA (<20 copies/106 CD4+ T-cells) without evidence of replication-competent viruses (<0.025 IUPM), consistent with high levels of defective genomes, strong cellular HIV-1-specific immune response, and a high poly functionality index (>0.50). Inflammation levels of EEC were similar to HIV-1 negative donors. Remarkably, they showed an exceptional lack of viral evolution and 8-fold lower genetic diversity (<0.01 s/n) in env gene than other EC. We postulate that these EEC represent cases of spontaneous functional HIV-1 cure. A non-functional and non-genetically evolving viral reservoir along with an HIV-1-specific immune response seems to be key for the spontaneous functional cure.
PB Springer Nature
YR 2020
FD 2020-02-05
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4324
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4324
LA en
NO Casado C, Galvez C, Pernas M, Tarancon-Diez L, Rodriguez C, Sanchez-Merino V, et al. Permanent control of HIV-1 pathogenesis in exceptional elite controllers: a model of spontaneous cure. Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 5;10(1):1902
DS RISalud
RD Apr 10, 2025