RT Journal Article
T1 Maternal iron intake during pregnancy and the risk of small for gestational age.
A1 Martínez-Galiano, Juan Miguel
A1 Amezcua-Prieto, Carmen
A1 Cano-Ibañez, Naomi
A1 Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada
A1 Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora
A1 Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel
K1 SGA
K1 diabetes
K1 diet
K1 iron
K1 maternal nutrition
K1 pregnancy
AB Studies of iron and its association with the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) show inconsistent results. Consuming iron supplements during pregnancy is controversial because of possible risks. This study assessed the association between iron intake and the risk of having an SGA newborn and whether iron intake is associated with gestational diabetes. A case-control study of 518 pairs of Spanish women who were pregnant and attending five hospitals was conducted. Groups were matched 1:1 for age (±2 years) and hospital. Cases were women with an SGA newborn at delivery. Controls were women with normal-sized newborns at delivery. Data were gathered on demographic characteristics, socio-economic status, adverse habits (like smoking), and diet. A 137-item food frequency questionnaire was completed. Iron intakes were categorized in quintiles (Q1-Q5). Crude odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by conditional logistic regression. No significant relationship was found between dietary iron intake and SGA. A protective association was found for women receiving iron supplementation >40 mg/day and SGA versus women not taking supplements (aOR = 0.64, 95% CI [0.42, 0.99]). This association was identified in mothers both with (aOR = 0.57, 95% CI [0.40, 0.81]) and without (aOR = 0.64, 95% CI [0.64, 0.97]) anaemia. In women in the control group without anaemia, iron supplementation >40 mg/day was positively associated with gestational diabetes (aOR = 6.32, 95% CI [1.97, 20.23]). Iron supplementation in pregnancy may prevent SGA independently of existing anaemia but may also increase the risk of gestational diabetes.
YR 2019
FD 2019-04-26
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/13752
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/13752
LA en
DS RISalud
RD Apr 12, 2025