RT Journal Article
T1 Long-Term Efficacy, Tolerability, and Renal Safety of Atazanavir/Ritonavir-based Antiretroviral Therapy in a Cohort of Treatment-Naïve Patients with HIV-1 Infection: the REMAIN Study.
A1 Teófilo, Eugénio
A1 Rocha-Pereira, Nuno
A1 Kuhlmann, Birger
A1 Antela, Antonio
A1 Knechten, Heribert
A1 Santos, Jesús
A1 Jiménez-Expósito, Maria Jesús
A1 REMAIN study group, 
K1 HIV-1
K1 antiretroviral therapy
K1 estimated glomerular filtration rate
K1 hyperbilirubinemia
K1 observational study
K1 persistence
K1 resistance
K1 ritonavir-boosted atazanavir
AB Boosted protease inhibitors (PIs), including ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r), are a recommended option for the initial treatment of HIV-1 infection based upon clinical trial data; however, long-term real-life clinical data are limited. We evaluated the long-term use of ATV/r as a component of antiretroviral combination therapy in the real-life setting in the REMAIN study. This was an observational cohort study conducted at sites across Germany, Portugal, and Spain. Retrospective historical and prospective longitudinal follow-up data were extracted every six months from medical records of HIV-infected treatment-naïve patients aged ≥ 18 years initiating a first-line ATV/r-containing regimen. Eligible patients (n = 517) were followed up for a median of 3.4 years. The proportion remaining on ATV/r at 5 years was 51.5% with an estimated Kaplan-Meier median time to treatment discontinuation of 4.9 years. Principal reasons for discontinuation were adverse events (15.9%; 8.9% due to hyperbilirubinemia) and virologic failure (6.8%). The Kaplan-Meier probability of not having virologic failure (HIV-1 RNA  In a real-life clinical setting over five years, treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection initiating an ATV/r-based regimen showed sustained virologic suppression, an overall treatment persistence rate of 51.5%, an absence of treatment-emergent major PI resistance mutations at virologic failure, a long-term safety profile consistent with that observed in clinical trials, and no significant decline in renal function.
SN 1528-4336
YR 2016
FD 2016
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/9851
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/9851
LA en
DS RISalud
RD Apr 29, 2025