RT Journal Article
T1 Industrial-Scale Decontamination Procedure Effects on the Content of Acaricides, Heavy Metals and Antioxidant Capacity of Beeswax.
A1 Navarro-Hortal, María D
A1 Orantes-Bermejo, Francisco J
A1 Sánchez-González, Cristina
A1 Varela-López, Alfonso
A1 Giampieri, Francesca
A1 Torres Fernández-Piñar, Cristina
A1 Serra-Bonvehí, Josep
A1 Forbes-Hernández, Tamara Y
A1 Reboredo-Rodríguez, Patricia
A1 Llopis, Juan
A1 Aranda, Pilar
A1 Battino, Maurizio
A1 Quiles, José L
K1 adulteration
K1 beeswax decontamination
K1 chemical elements
K1 flavonoids
K1 hydrocarbons
K1 monoesters
K1 pesticides
K1 total phenols
AB Beeswax is useful for the beekeeping sector but also for the agro-food, pharmaceutical or cosmetics sectors. Frequently, this bee product is contaminated with pesticides reducing its utility and causing the decline in its market. This study aimed to prove the effectiveness of an industrial-scale decontamination method in removing acaricides from beeswax. Chlorfenvinphos and coumaphos decrease was higher than 90%, whereas tau fluvalinate decrease was only 30%. No changes were observed in the beeswax content of hydrocarbons and monoesters, whereas a decrease in the concentrations of Ca, Fe, Zn, Hg, Mn and P, and an increase in the concentrations of As and Si were found after the decontamination. Filtration reduced total phenolics, flavonoids and the antioxidant capacity of the lipophilic extract. These results demonstrate that the industrial method used was as effective as the method previously tested on a laboratory scale. The study also contributes to a better knowledge and characterization of beeswax, specially related to trace and ultra-trace elements and antioxidant capacity. Moreover, it offers the chance to further develop a method to effectively detect wax adulterations based on the chemical elements profile.
YR 2019
FD 2019-04-17
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/13848
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/13848
LA en
DS RISalud
RD Apr 7, 2025