RT Journal Article T1 Update on Dihydropteroate Synthase (DHPS) Mutations in Pneumocystis jirovecii. A1 de la Horra, Carmen A1 Friaza, Vicente A1 Morilla, Ruben A1 Delgado, Juan A1 Medrano, Francisco J A1 Miller, Robert F A1 de Armas, Yaxsier A1 Calderon, Enrique J K1 dihydropteroate synthase K1 gene mutations K1 pneumocystis AB A Pneumocystis jirovecii is one of the most important microorganisms that cause pneumonia in immunosupressed individuals. The guideline for treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) is the use of a combination of sulfa drug-containing trimethroprim and sulfamethoxazole. In the absence of a reliable method to culture Pneumocystis, molecular techniques have been developed to detect mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase gene, the target of sulfa drugs, where mutations are related to sulfa resistance in other microorganisms. The presence of dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) mutations has been described at codon 55 and 57 and found almost around the world. In the current work, we analyzed the most common methods to identify these mutations, their geographical distribution around the world, and their clinical implications. In addition, we describe new emerging DHPS mutations. Other aspects, such as the possibility of transmitting Pneumocystis mutated organisms between susceptible patients is also described, as well as a brief summary of approaches to study these mutations in a heterologous expression system. PB MDPI AG YR 2021 FD 2021-10-13 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10668/27844 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10668/27844 LA en DS RISalud RD Apr 8, 2025