%0 Journal Article
%A Löfvenborg, Josefin E
%A Carlsson, Sofia
%A Andersson, Tomas
%A Hampe, Christiane S
%A Koulman, Albert
%A Chirlaque Lopez, María Dolores
%A Jakszyn, Paula
%A Katzke, Verena A
%A Kühn, Tilman
%A Kyrø, Cecilie
%A Masala, Giovanna
%A Nilsson, Peter M
%A Overvad, Kim
%A Panico, Salvatore
%A Sanchez-Perez, Maria-Jose
%A van der Schouw, Yvonne
%A Schulze, Matthias B
%A Tjønneland, Anne
%A Weiderpass, Elisabete
%A Riboli, Elio
%A Forouhi, Nita G
%A Sharp, Stephen J
%A Rolandsson, Olov
%A Wareham, Nicholas J
%T Interaction Between GAD65 Antibodies and Dietary Fish Intake or Plasma Phospholipid n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Incident Adult-Onset Diabetes: The EPIC-InterAct Study.
%D 2020
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10668/16771
%X Islet autoimmunity is associated with diabetes incidence. We investigated whether there was an interaction between dietary fish intake or plasma phospholipid n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration with the 65-kDa isoform of GAD (GAD65) antibody positivity on the risk of developing adult-onset diabetes. We used prospective data on 11,247 incident cases of adult-onset diabetes and 14,288 noncases from the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study conducted in eight European countries. Baseline plasma samples were analyzed for GAD65 antibodies and phospholipid n-3 PUFAs. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident diabetes in relation to GAD65 antibody status and tertiles of plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFA or fish intake were estimated using Prentice-weighted Cox regression. Additive (proportion attributable to interaction [AP]) and multiplicative interactions between GAD65 antibody positivity (≥65 units/mL) and low fish/n-3 PUFA were assessed. The hazard of diabetes in antibody-positive individuals with low intake of total and fatty fish, respectively, was significantly elevated (HR 2.52 [95% CI 1.76-3.63] and 2.48 [1.79-3.45]) compared with people who were GAD65 antibody negative and had high fish intake, with evidence of additive (AP 0.44 [95% CI 0.16-0.72] and 0.48 [0.24-0.72]) and multiplicative (P = 0.0465 and 0.0103) interactions. Individuals with high GAD65 antibody levels (≥167.5 units/mL) and low total plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFAs had a more than fourfold higher hazard of diabetes (HR 4.26 [2.70-6.72]) and an AP of 0.46 (0.12-0.80) compared with antibody-negative individuals with high n-3 PUFAs. High fish intake or relative plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFA concentrations may partially counteract the increased diabetes risk conferred by GAD65 antibody positivity.
%K Animals
%K Diet
%K Humans
%~