RT Journal Article
T1 Association study between hypothalamic functional connectivity, early nutrition, and glucose levels in healthy children aged 6 years: The COGNIS study follow-up
A1 Dieguez, Estefania
A1 Nieto-Ruiz, Ana
A1 Martin-Perez, Cristina
A1 Sepulveda-Valbuena, Natalia
A1 Herrmann, Florian
A1 Jimenez, Jesus
A1 De-Castellar, Roser
A1 Catena, Andres
A1 Antonio Garcia-Santos, Jose
A1 Bermudez, Mercedes G.
A1 Campoy, Cristina
K1 neuroimaging
K1 hypothalamus
K1 mean glucose levels
K1 milk fat globule membrane (MFGM)
K1 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs)
K1 synbiotics
K1 eating behavior
K1 Human-milk oligosaccharides
K1 Fat globule membranes
K1 Formula-fed infants
K1 Brain-development
K1 Breast-milk
K1 Acid
K1 Benefits
K1 Obesity
K1 Growth
K1 Mri
AB Breastfeeding (BF) is the gold standard in infant nutrition; knowing how it influences brain connectivity would help understand the mechanisms involved, which would help close the nutritional gap between infant formulas and breast milk. We analyzed potential long-term differences depending on the diet with an experimental infant formula (EF), compared to a standard infant formula (SF) or breastfeeding (BF) during the first 18 months of life on children's hypothalamic functional connectivity (FC) assessed at 6 years old. A total of 62 children participating in the COGNIS randomized clinical trial (Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02094547) were included in this study. They were randomized to receive an SF (n = 22) or a bioactive nutrient-enriched EF (n = 20). BF children were also included as a control study group (BF: n = 20). Brain function was evaluated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and mean glucose levels were collected through a 24-h continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device at 6 years old. Furthermore, nutrient intake was also analyzed during the first 18 months of life and at 6 years old through 3-day dietary intake records. Groups fed with EF and BF showed lower FC between the medial hypothalamus (MH) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in comparison with SF-fed children. Moreover, the BF children group showed lower FC between the MH and the left putamen extending to the middle insula, and higher FC between the MH and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) compared to the EF-fed children group. These areas are key regions within the salience network, which is involved in processing salience stimuli, eating motivation, and hedonic-driven desire to consume food. Indeed, current higher connectivity found on the MH-IFG network in the BF group was associated with lower simple sugars acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs) at 6 months of age. Regarding linoleic acid intake at 12 months old, a negative association with this network (MH-IFG) only in the BF group was found. In addition, BF children showed lower mean glucose levels compared to SF-fed children at 6 years old. Our results may point out a possible relationship between diet during the first 18 months of life and inclined proclivity for hedonic eating later in life.
PB Frontiers Research Foundation
SN 2296-861X
YR 2022
FD 2022-09-20
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/20668
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/20668
LA en
NO Diéguez E, Nieto-Ruiz A, Martín-Pérez C, Sepúlveda-Valbuena N, Herrmann F, Jiménez J, et al. Association study between hypothalamic functional connectivity, early nutrition, and glucose levels in healthy children aged 6 years: The COGNIS study follow-up. Front Nutr. 2022 Oct 12;9:935740.
DS RISalud
RD Apr 8, 2025