%0 Journal Article
%A Ibsen, Daniel B
%A Steur, Marinka
%A Imamura, Fumiaki
%A Overvad, Kim
%A Schulze, Matthias B
%A Bendinelli, Benedetta
%A Guevara, Marcela
%A Agudo, Antonio
%A Amiano, Pilar
%A Aune, Dagfinn
%A Barricarte, Aurelio
%A Ericson, Ulrika
%A Fagherazzi, Guy
%A Franks, Paul W
%A Freisling, Heinz
%A Quiros, Jose R
%A Grioni, Sara
%A Heath, Alicia K
%A Huybrechts, Inge
%A Katze, Verena
%A Laouali, Nasser
%A Mancini, Francesca
%A Masala, Giovanna
%A Olsen, Anja
%A Papier, Keren
%A Ramne, Stina
%A Rolandsson, Olov
%A Sacerdote, Carlotta
%A Sanchez-Perez, Maria-Jose
%A Santiuste, Carmen
%A Simeon, Vittorio
%A Spijkerman, Annemieke M W
%A Srour, Bernard
%A Tjønneland, Anne
%A Tong, Tammy Y N
%A Tumino, Rosario
%A van der Schouw, Yvonne T
%A Weiderpass, Elisabete
%A Wittenbecher, Clemens
%A Sharp, Stephen J
%A Riboli, Elio
%A Forouhi, Nita G
%A Wareham, Nick J
%T Replacement of Red and Processed Meat With Other Food Sources of Protein and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in European Populations: The EPIC-InterAct Study.
%D 2020
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10668/16183
%X There is sparse evidence for the association of suitable food substitutions for red and processed meat on the risk of type 2 diabetes. We modeled the association between replacing red and processed meat with other protein sources and the risk of type 2 diabetes and estimated its population impact. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-InterAct case cohort included 11,741 individuals with type 2 diabetes and a subcohort of 15,450 participants in eight countries. We modeled the replacement of self-reported red and processed meat with poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, cheese, cereals, yogurt, milk, and nuts. Country-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for incident type 2 diabetes were estimated by Prentice-weighted Cox regression and pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. There was a lower hazard for type 2 diabetes for the modeled replacement of red and processed meat (50 g/day) with cheese (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.97) (30 g/day), yogurt (0.90, 0.86-0.95) (70 g/day), nuts (0.90, 0.84-0.96) (10 g/day), or cereals (0.92, 0.88-0.96) (30 g/day) but not for replacements with poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, or milk. If a causal association is assumed, replacing red and processed meat with cheese, yogurt, or nuts could prevent 8.8%, 8.3%, or 7.5%, respectively, of new cases of type 2 diabetes. Replacement of red and processed meat with cheese, yogurt, nuts, or cereals was associated with a lower rate of type 2 diabetes. Substituting red and processed meat by other protein sources may contribute to the prevention of incident type 2 diabetes in European populations.
%K Aged
%K Diet
%K Humans
%K Red Meat
%K Yogurt
%~