%0 Journal Article
%A Paz-Ares, Luis
%A Luft, Alexander
%A Vicente, David
%A Tafreshi, Ali
%A Gümüş, Mahmut
%A Mazières, Julien
%A Hermes, Barbara
%A Çay Şenler, Filiz
%A Csőszi, Tibor
%A Fülöp, Andrea
%A Rodríguez-Cid, Jerónimo
%A Wilson, Jonathan
%A Sugawara, Shunichi
%A Kato, Terufumi
%A Lee, Ki Hyeong
%A Cheng, Ying
%A Novello, Silvia
%A Halmos, Balazs
%A Li, Xiaodong
%A Lubiniecki, Gregory M
%A Piperdi, Bilal
%A Kowalski, Dariusz M
%A KEYNOTE-407 Investigators
%T Pembrolizumab plus Chemotherapy for Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
%D 2018
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10668/13017
%X Standard first-line therapy for metastatic, squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is platinum-based chemotherapy or pembrolizumab (for patients with programmed death ligand 1 [PD-L1] expression on ≥50% of tumor cells). More recently, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy was shown to significantly prolong overall survival among patients with nonsquamous NSCLC. In this double-blind, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, 559 patients with untreated metastatic, squamous NSCLC to receive 200 mg of pembrolizumab or saline placebo for up to 35 cycles; all the patients also received carboplatin and either paclitaxel or nanoparticle albumin-bound [nab]-paclitaxel for the first 4 cycles. Primary end points were overall survival and progression-free survival. After a median follow-up of 7.8 months, the median overall survival was 15.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.2 to not reached) in the pembrolizumab-combination group and 11.3 months (95% CI, 9.5 to 14.8) in the placebo-combination group (hazard ratio for death, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.85; P In patients with previously untreated metastatic, squamous NSCLC, the addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy with carboplatin plus paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel resulted in significantly longer overall survival and progression-free survival than chemotherapy alone. (Funded by Merck Sharp & Dohme; KEYNOTE-407 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02775435 .).
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