RT Journal Article
T1 Current Understanding of the Physiopathology, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Approach to Alzheimer's Disease
A1 Garcia-Morales, Victoria
A1 Gonzalez-Acedo, Anabel
A1 Melguizo-Rodriguez, Lucia
A1 Pardo-Moreno, Teresa
A1 Costela-Ruiz, Victor Javier
A1 Montiel-Troya, Maria
A1 Ramos-Rodriguez, Juan Jose
K1 Alzheimer's disease
K1 senile plaques
K1 beta-amyloid protein
K1 tau protein
K1 diagnosis
K1 biomarker
K1 treatment
K1 acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
K1 immunotherapy
K1 Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
K1 Mild cognitive impairment
K1 Insulin-degrading enzyme
K1 National institute
K1 Association workgroups
K1 Plaque-formation
K1 Transgenic mice
K1 Risk-factors
K1 Mixed-model
K1 Mouse model
AB Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. It is characterized by cognitive decline and progressive memory loss. The aim of this review was to update the state of knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic methods and therapeutic approach to AD. Currently, the amyloid cascade hypothesis remains the leading theory in the pathophysiology of AD. This hypothesis states that amyloid-beta (A beta) deposition triggers a chemical cascade of events leading to the development of AD dementia. The antemortem diagnosis of AD is still based on clinical parameters. Diagnostic procedures in AD include fluid-based biomarkers such as those present in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma or diagnostic imaging methods. Currently, the therapeutic armory available focuses on symptom control and is based on four pillars: pharmacological treatment where acetylcholinesterase inhibitors stand out; pharmacological treatment under investigation which includes drugs focused on the control of A beta pathology and tau hyperphosphorylation; treatment focusing on risk factors such as diabetes; or nonpharmacological treatments aimed at preventing development of the disease or treating symptoms through occupational therapy or psychological help. AD remains a largely unknown disease. Further research is needed to identify new biomarkers and therapies that can prevent progression of the pathology.
PB Mdpi
YR 2021
FD 2021-12-01
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10668/27784
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10668/27784
LA en
DS RISalud
RD Apr 19, 2025