RT Journal Article
T1 Three genetic-environmental networks for human personality.
A1 Zwir, Igor
A1 Del-Val, Coral
A1 Arnedo, Javier
A1 Pulkki-Råback, Laura
A1 Konte, Bettina
A1 Yang, Sarah S
A1 Romero-Zaliz, Rocio
A1 Hintsanen, Mirka
A1 Cloninger, Kevin M
A1 Garcia, Danilo
A1 Svrakic, Dragan M
A1 Lester, Nigel
A1 Rozsa, Sandor
A1 Mesa, Alberto
A1 Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka
A1 Giegling, Ina
A1 Kähönen, Mika
A1 Martinez, Maribel
A1 Seppälä, Ilkka
A1 Raitoharju, Emma
A1 de Erausquin, Gabriel A
A1 Mamah, Daniel
A1 Raitakari, Olli
A1 Rujescu, Dan
A1 Postolache, Teodor T
A1 Gu, C Charles
A1 Sung, Joohon
A1 Lehtimäki, Terho
A1 Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa
A1 Cloninger, C Robert
AB Phylogenetic, developmental, and brain-imaging studies suggest that human personality is the integrated expression of three major systems of learning and memory that regulate (1) associative conditioning, (2) intentionality, and (3) self-awareness. We have uncovered largely disjoint sets of genes regulating these dissociable learning processes in different clusters of people with (1) unregulated temperament profiles (i.e., associatively conditioned habits and emotional reactivity), (2) organized character profiles (i.e., intentional self-control of emotional conflicts and goals), and (3) creative character profiles (i.e., self-aware appraisal of values and theories), respectively. However, little is known about how these temperament and character components of personality are jointly organized and develop in an integrated manner. In three large independent genome-wide association studies from Finland, Germany, and Korea, we used a data-driven machine learning method to uncover joint phenotypic networks of temperament and character and also the genetic networks with which they are associated. We found three clusters of similar numbers of people with distinct combinations of temperament and character profiles. Their associated genetic and environmental networks were largely disjoint, and differentially related to distinct forms of learning and memory. Of the 972 genes that mapped to the three phenotypic networks, 72% were unique to a single network. The findings in the Finnish discovery sample were blindly and independently replicated in samples of Germans and Koreans. We conclude that temperament and character are integrated within three disjoint networks that regulate healthy longevity and dissociable systems of learning and memory by nearly disjoint sets of genetic and environmental influences.
YR 2019
FD 2019-11-21
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10668/25661
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10668/25661
LA en
DS RISalud
RD Apr 11, 2025