RT Journal Article
T1 Microglia: Agents of the CNS Pro-Inflammatory Response
A1 Rodríguez-Gómez, José A.
A1 Kavanagh, Edel
A1 Engskog-Vlachos, Pinelopi
A1 Engskog, Mikael K. R.
A1 Herrera, Antonio J.
A1 Espinosa-Oliva, Ana M.
A1 Joseph, Bertrand
A1 Hajji, Nabil
A1 Venero, José L.
A1 Burguillos, Miguel A.
K1 Microglia
K1 Inflammation
K1 TLR4
K1 TREM2
K1 Caspases
K1 Epigenetics
K1 metabolomics
K1 iPSCs
K1 Microglía
K1 Inflamación
K1 Receptor Toll-Like 4
K1 Caspasas
K1 Epigenómica
K1 Metabolómica
K1 Células madre pluripotentes inducidas
AB The pro-inflammatory immune response driven by microglia is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Though the research of microglia spans over a century, the last two decades have increased our understanding exponentially. Here, we discuss the phenotypic transformation from homeostatic microglia towards reactive microglia, initiated by specific ligand binding to pattern recognition receptors including toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) or triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2), as well as pro-inflammatory signaling pathways triggered such as the caspase-mediated immune response. Additionally, new research disciplines such as epigenetics and immunometabolism have provided us with a more holistic view of how changes in DNA methylation, microRNAs, and the metabolome may influence the pro-inflammatory response. This review aimed to discuss our current knowledge of pro-inflammatory microglia from different angles, including recent research highlights such as the role of exosomes in spreading neuroinflammation and emerging techniques in microglia research including positron emission tomography (PET) scanning and the use of human microglia generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Finally, we also discuss current thoughts on the impact of pro-inflammatory microglia in neurodegenerative diseases.
PB MDPI
YR 2020
FD 2020-07-17
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/3592
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/3592
LA en
NO Rodríguez-Gómez JA, Kavanagh E, Engskog-Vlachos P, Engskog MKR, Herrera AJ, Espinosa-Oliva AM, et al. Microglia: Agents of the CNS Pro-Inflammatory Response. Cells. 2020 Jul 17;9(7):1717
DS RISalud
RD Apr 6, 2025