RT Journal Article T1 Immune and spermatogenesis-related loci are involved in the development of extreme patterns of male infertility. A1 Cervan-Martin, Miriam A1 Tüttelmann, Frank A1 Lopes, Alexandra M A1 Bossini-Castillo, Lara A1 Rivera-Egea, Rocio A1 Garrido, Nicolas A1 Lujan, Saturnino A1 Romeu, Gema A1 Santos-Ribeiro, Samuel A1 Castilla, Jose A A1 Carmen Gonzalvo, M A1 Clavero, Ana A1 Maldonado, Vicente A1 Vicente, F Javier A1 González-Muñoz, Sara A1 Guzman-Jimenez, Andrea A1 Burgos, Miguel A1 Jimenez, Rafael A1 Pacheco, Alberto A1 Gonzalez, Cristina A1 Gomez, Susana A1 Amoros, David A1 Aguilar, Jesus A1 Quintana, Fernando A1 Calhaz-Jorge, Carlos A1 Aguiar, Ana A1 Nunes, Joaquim A1 Sousa, Sandra A1 Pereira, Isabel A1 Pinto, Maria Graça A1 Correia, Sonia A1 Sanchez-Curbelo, Josvany A1 Lopez-Rodrigo, Olga A1 Martín, Javier A1 Pereira-Caetano, Iris A1 Marques, Patricia I A1 Carvalho, Filipa A1 Barros, Alberto A1 Gromoll, Jörg A1 Bassas, Lluís A1 Seixas, Susana A1 Gonçalves, João A1 Larriba, Sara A1 Kliesch, Sabine A1 Palomino-Morales, Rogelio J A1 Carmona, F David K1 Humans K1 Male K1 Genome-Wide Association Study K1 Infertility, Male AB We conducted a genome-wide association study in a large population of infertile men due to unexplained spermatogenic failure (SPGF). More than seven million genetic variants were analysed in 1,274 SPGF cases and 1,951 unaffected controls from two independent European cohorts. Two genomic regions were associated with the most severe histological pattern of SPGF, defined by Sertoli cell-only (SCO) phenotype, namely the MHC class II gene HLA-DRB1 (rs1136759, P = 1.32E-08, OR = 1.80) and an upstream locus of VRK1 (rs115054029, P = 4.24E-08, OR = 3.14), which encodes a protein kinase involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis. The SCO-associated rs1136759 allele (G) determines a serine in the position 13 of the HLA-DRβ1 molecule located in the antigen-binding pocket. Overall, our data support the notion of unexplained SPGF as a complex trait influenced by common variation in the genome, with the SCO phenotype likely representing an immune-mediated condition. PB Nature Publishing Group YR 2022 FD 2022-10-28 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/19635 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/19635 LA en NO Cerván-Martín M, Tüttelmann F, Lopes AM, Bossini-Castillo L, Rivera-Egea R, Garrido N, et al. Immune and spermatogenesis-related loci are involved in the development of extreme patterns of male infertility. Commun Biol. 2022 Nov 10;5(1):1220. NO We thank the National DNA Bank Carlos III (University of Salamanca, Spain) for supplying part of the control DNA samples from Spain and all the participants for their essential collaboration. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science through the Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation (refs. SAF2016-78722-R and PID2020-120157RB-I00), the Andalusian Plan for Research and Innovation (PAIDI 2020) (ref. PY20_00212), and the R+D+i Projects of the FEDER Operational Programme 2020 (ref. B-CTS-584-UGR20). F.D.C. was supported by the “Ramón y Cajal” programme (ref. RYC-2014-16458), and L.B.C. was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the “Juan de la Cierva Incorporación” programme (ref. IJC2018-038026-I, funded by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033), all of them including FEDER funds. A.G.J. was funded by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro” (ref. FPU20/02926). IPATIMUP integrates the i3S Research Unit, which is partially supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), financed by the European Social Funds (COMPETE-FEDER) and National Funds (projects PEstC/SAU/LA0003/2013 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274). A.M.L. is funded by the Portuguese Government through FCT (IF/01262/2014). P.I.M. is supported by the FCT post-doctoral fellowship (SFRH/BPD/120777/2016), financed from the Portuguese State Budget of the Ministry for Science, Technology and High Education and from the European Social Fund, available through the Programa Operacional do Capital Humano. ToxOmics—Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, Nova Medical School, Lisbon, is also partially supported by FCT (Projects: UID/BIM/00009/2013 and UIDB/UIDP/00009/2020). SLarriba received support from “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (grant DTS18/00101], co-funded by FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)—a way to build Europe), and from “Generalitat de Catalunya” (grant 2017SGR191). SLarriba is sponsored by the “Researchers Consolidation Programme” from the SNS-Departament de Salut Generalitat de Catalunya (Exp. CES09/020). The German cohort was recruited within the Male Reproductive Genomics (MERGE) study and supported by the German Research Foundation Clinical Research Unit ‘Male Germ Cells’ (DFG CRU326, grants to F.T. and J.G.). This article is related to the Ph.D. Doctoral Thesis of Miriam Cerván-Martín (grant ref. BES-2017-081222 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro”). DS RISalud RD Apr 19, 2025