%0 Journal Article
%A Hernaez, Alvaro
%A Soria-Florido, Maria Trinidad
%A Castaner, Olga
%A Pinto, Xavier
%A Estruch, Ramon
%A Salas-Salvado, Jordi
%A Corella, Dolores
%A Alonso-Gomez, Angel
%A Angel Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel
%A Schroder, Helmut
%A Ros, Emilio
%A Serra-Majem, Lluis
%A Fiol, Miguel
%A Lapetra, Jose
%A Gomez-Gracia, Enrique
%A Fito, Montserrat
%A Lassale, Camille
%T Leisure time physical activity is associated with improved HDL functionality in high cardiovascular risk individuals: a cohort study
%D 2020
%@ 2047-4873
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10668/19106
%X AimsPhysical activity has consistently been shown to improve cardiovascular health and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. However, only small and heterogeneous studies have investigated the effect of exercise on high-density lipoprotein functions. Our aim is to evaluate, in the largest observational study to date, the association between leisure time physical activity and a range of high-density lipoprotein functional traits.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 296 Spanish adults at high cardiovascular risk. Usual leisure time physical activity and eight measures of high-density lipoprotein functionality were averaged over two measurements, one year apart. Multivariable linear regression models were used to explore the association between leisure time physical activity (exposure) and each high-density lipoprotein functional trait (outcome), adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors.ResultsHigher levels of leisure time physical activity were positively and linearly associated with average levels over one year of plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I, paraoxonase-1 antioxidant activity, high-density lipoprotein capacity to esterify cholesterol and cholesterol efflux capacity in individuals free of type 2 diabetes only. The increased cholesterol esterification index with increasing leisure time physical activity reached a plateau at around 300 metabolic equivalents.min/day. In individuals with diabetes, the relationship with cholesteryl ester transfer protein followed a U-shape, with a decreased cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity from 0 to 300 metabolic equivalents.min/day, but increasing from there onwards. Increasing levels of leisure time physical activity were associated with poorer high-density lipoprotein vasodilatory capacity.ConclusionsIn a high cardiovascular risk population, leisure time physical activity was associated not only with greater circulating levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, but also with better markers of high-density lipoprotein functionality, namely cholesterol efflux capacity, the capacity of high-density lipoprotein to esterify cholesterol and paraoxonase-1 antioxidant activity in individuals free of diabetes and lower cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
%K HDL function
%K physical activity
%K lifestyle
%K biomarkers
%K High-density-lipoprotein
%K Activity questionnaire
%K Heart-disease
%K Exercise
%K Ampk
%K Cholesterol
%K Validation
%K Protein
%K Events
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