RT Journal Article
T1 Clinical Application of Pharmacogenetic Markers in the Treatment of Dermatologic Pathologies.
A1 Membrive Jiménez, Cristina
A1 Pérez Ramírez, Cristina
A1 Sánchez Martín, Almudena
A1 Vieira Maroun, Sayleth
A1 Arias Santiago, Salvador
A1 Ramírez Tortosa, María Carmen
A1 Jiménez Morales, Alberto
K1 biologic therapy
K1 dermatology
K1 mutations
K1 polymorphisms
K1 response
K1 toxicity
AB Dermatologic pathologies are the fourth most common cause of non-fatal disease worldwide; however, they produce a psychosocial, economic, and occupational impact equal to or greater than other chronic conditions. The most prevalent are actinic keratosis, followed by basal-cell carcinoma, in a lesser proportion acne vulgaris, psoriasis, and hidradenitis suppurativa, among others, and more rarely dermatitis herpetiformis. To treat actinic keratosis and basal-cell carcinoma, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 0.5% is administered topically with good results, although in certain patients it produces severe toxicity. On the other hand, dapsone is a drug commonly used in inflammatory skin conditions such as dermatitis herpetiformis; however, it occasionally causes hemolytic anemia. Additionally, biologic drugs indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa have proved to be effective and safe; nevertheless, a small percentage of patients do not respond to treatment with biologics in the long term or they are ineffective. This interindividual variability in response may be due to alterations in genes that encode proteins involved in the pathologic environment of the disease or the mechanism of action of the medication. Pharmacogenetics studies the relationship between genetic variations and drug response, which is useful for the early identification of non-responsive patients and those with a higher risk of developing toxicity upon treatment. This review describes the pharmacogenetic recommendations with the strongest evidence at present for the treatments used in dermatology, highlighting those included in clinical practice guides. Currently, we could only find pharmacogenetic clinical guidelines for 5-FU. However, the summary of product characteristics for dapsone contains a pharmacogenetic recommendation from the United States Food and Drug Administration. Finally, there is an enormous amount of information from pharmacogenetic studies in patients with dermatologic pathologies (mainly psoriasis) treated with biologic therapies, but they need to be validated in order to be included in clinical practice guides.
SN 1424-8247
YR 2021
FD 2021-09-06
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/18581
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/18581
LA en
DS RISalud
RD Apr 7, 2025