RT Journal Article
T1 Influence of gender and education on cocaine users in an outpatient cohort in Spain
A1 Requena-Ocaña, Nerea
A1 Flores-Lopez, María
A1 San Martín, Alicia
A1 García-Marchena, Nuria
A1 Pedraz, María
A1 Ruiz, Juan Jesús
A1 Serrano, Antonia
A1 Suarez, Juan
A1 Pavón, Francisco Javier
A1 Rodríguez de Fonseca, Fernando
A1 Araos, Pedro
K1 Alcoholism
K1 Cocaine-related disorders
K1 Anxiety disorders
K1 Major depressive disorder
K1 Outpatients
K1 Prevalence
K1 Social class
K1 Gender studies
K1 Education
K1 Spain
K1 Alcoholismo
K1 Trastornos relacionados con cocaína
K1 Trastornos de ansiedad
K1 Trastorno depresivo mayor
K1 Pacientes ambulatorios
K1 Prevalencia
K1 Clase social
K1 Estudios de género
K1 Educación
K1 España
AB Gender significantly influences sociodemographic, medical, psychiatric and addiction variables in cocaine outpatients. Educational level may be a protective factor showing less severe addictive disorders, longer abstinence periods, and better cognitive performance. The aim was to estimate gender-based differences and the influence of educational level on the clinical variables associated with cocaine use disorder (CUD). A total of 300 cocaine-consuming patients undergoing treatments were recruited and assessed using the Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Diseases according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Women developed CUD later but exhibited more consumption of anxiolytics, prevalence of anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and major depressive disorders. Alcohol and cannabis use disorders were more frequent in men. A predictive model was created and identified three psychiatric variables with good prognosis for distinguishing between women and men. Principal component analysis helped to describe the different profile types of men and women who had sought treatment. Low educational levels seemed to be a risk factor for the onset, development, and duration of CUD in both genders. Women and men exhibited different clinical characteristics that should be taken into account when designing therapeutic policies. The educational level plays a protective/risk role in the onset, development and progression of CUD, thus prolonging the years of compulsory education and implementing cognitive rehabilitation programmes could be useful.
PB Springer Nature
YR 2021
FD 2021-10-22
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4474
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4474
LA en
NO Requena-Ocaña N, Flores-Lopez M, Martín AS, García-Marchena N, Pedraz M, Ruiz JJ, et al. Influence of gender and education on cocaine users in an outpatient cohort in Spain. Sci Rep. 2021 Oct 22;11(1):20928
DS RISalud
RD Apr 9, 2025