RT Journal Article
T1 Neurosonological Findings Related to Non-Motor Features of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.
A1 Del Toro Pérez, Cristina
A1 Amaya Pascasio, Laura
A1 Arjona Padillo, Antonio
A1 Olivares Romero, Jesús
A1 Mejías Olmedo, María Victoria
A1 Fernández Pérez, Javier
A1 Payán Ortiz, Manuel
A1 Martínez-Sánchez, Patricia
K1 Parkinson’s disease
K1 apathy
K1 autonomic dysfunction
K1 bladder dysfunction
K1 cognitive disorders
K1 dementia
K1 depression
K1 hallucinations
K1 non-motor symptoms
K1 restless legs syndrome
K1 sleep disorders
K1 systematic review
K1 transcranial sonography
AB Non-motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD), including neuropsychiatric or dysautonomic complaints, fatigue, or pain, are frequent and have a high impact on the patient's quality of life. They are often poorly recognized and inadequately treated. In the recent years, the growing awareness of NMS has favored the development of techniques that complement the clinician's diagnosis. This review provides an overview of the most important ultrasonographic findings related to the presence of various NMS. Literature research was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception until January 2021, retrieving 23 prospective observational studies evaluating transcranial and cervical ultrasound in depression, dementia, dysautonomic symptoms, psychosis, and restless leg syndrome. Overall, the eligible articles showed good or fair quality according to the QUADAS-2 assessment. Brainstem raphe hypoechogenicity was related to the presence of depression in PD and also in depressed patients without PD, as well as to overactive bladder. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity was frequent in patients with visual hallucinations, and larger intracranial ventricles correlated with dementia. Evaluation of the vagus nerve showed contradictory findings. The results of this systematic review demonstrated that transcranial ultrasound can be a useful complementary tool in the evaluation of NMS in PD.
SN 2076-3425
YR 2021
FD 2021-06-11
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/18121
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/18121
LA en
DS RISalud
RD Apr 18, 2025