RT Generic
T1 APOE in the bullseye of neurodegenerative diseases: impact of the APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease pathology and brain diseases.
A1 Fernandez-Calle, Rosalia
A1 Konings, Sabine C
A1 Frontiñan-Rubio, Javier
A1 Garcia-Revilla, Juan
A1 Camprubi-Ferrer, Lluis
A1 Svensson, Martina
A1 Martinson, Isak
A1 Boza-Serrano, Antonio
A1 Venero, Jose Luis
A1 Nielsen, Henrietta M
A1 Gouras, Gunnar K
A1 Deierborg, Tomas
K1 Alzheimer’s disease
K1 Apolipoprotein E
K1 Neurodegeneration
K1 Neuroinflammation
AB ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of the most influential risk factors for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation has become the third hallmark of AD, together with Amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated aggregated tau protein. This review aims to broadly and extensively describe the differential aspects concerning apoE. Starting from the evolution of apoE to how APOE's single-nucleotide polymorphisms affect its structure, function, and involvement during health and disease. This review reflects on how APOE's polymorphisms impact critical aspects of AD pathology, such as the neuroinflammatory response, particularly the effect of APOE on astrocytic and microglial function and microglial dynamics, synaptic function, amyloid-β load, tau pathology, autophagy, and cell-cell communication. We discuss influential factors affecting AD pathology combined with the APOE genotype, such as sex, age, diet, physical exercise, current therapies and clinical trials in the AD field. The impact of the APOE genotype in other neurodegenerative diseases characterized by overt inflammation, e.g., alpha- synucleinopathies and Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis, is also addressed. Therefore, this review gathers the most relevant findings related to the APOE genotype up to date and its implications on AD and CNS pathologies to provide a deeper understanding of the knowledge in the APOE field.
PB BioMed Central Ltd.
YR 2022
FD 2022-09-24
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/20343
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/20343
LA en
NO Fernández-Calle R, Konings SC, Frontiñán-Rubio J, García-Revilla J, Camprubí-Ferrer L, Svensson M, et al. APOE in the bullseye of neurodegenerative diseases: impact of the APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease pathology and brain diseases. Mol Neurodegener. 2022 Sep 24;17(1):62.
DS RISalud
RD Apr 6, 2025