%0 Journal Article
%A Álvarez, Hortensia
%A Ruiz-Mateos, Ezequiel
%A Juiz-González, Pedro Miguel
%A Vitallé, Joana
%A Viéitez, Irene
%A Vázquez-Friol, María Del Carmen
%A Torres-Beceiro, Isabel
%A Pérez-Gómez, Alberto
%A Gallego-García, Pilar
%A Estévez-Gómez, Nuria
%A De Chiara, Loretta
%A Poveda, Eva
%A Posada, David
%A Llibre, Josep M
%T SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Spike-Specific CD4+ T-Cell Response in Persistent COVID-19 with Severe HIV Immune Suppression.
%D 2022
%@ 2076-2607
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10668/21431
%X Intra-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported in cases with persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we describe a severely immunosuppressed individual with HIV-1/SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with a long-term course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A 28-year-old man was diagnosed with HIV-1 infection (CD4+ count: 3 cells/µL nd 563000 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL) and simultaneous Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection and SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positivity from nasopharyngeal samples was prolonged for 15 weeks. SARS-CoV-2 was identified as variant Alpha (PANGO lineage B.1.1.7) with mutation S:E484K. Spike-specific T-cell response was similar to HIV-negative controls although enriched in IL-2, and showed disproportionately increased immunological exhaustion marker levels. Despite persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection, adaptive intra-host SARS-CoV-2 evolution, was not identified. Spike-specific T-cell response protected against a severe COVID-19 outcome and the increased immunological exhaustion marker levels might have favoured SARS-CoV-2 persistence.
%K CD4+ T cell response
%K HIV
%K SARS-CoV-2
%~