%0 Journal Article
%A Yeregui, Elena
%A Masip, Jenifer
%A Vilades, Consuelo
%A Domingo, Pere
%A Pacheco, Yolanda M
%A Blanco, Julia
%A Mallolas, Josep
%A Alba, Veronica
%A Vargas, Montserrat
%A García-Pardo, Graciano
%A Negredo, Eugenia
%A Olona, Montserrat
%A Vidal-Gonzalez, Judit
%A Peraire, Maria
%A Marti, Anna
%A Reverte, Laia
%A Gomez-Bertomeu, Frederic
%A Leal, Manuel
%A Vidal, Francesc
%A Peraire, Joaquim
%A Rull, Anna
%T Adipokines as New Biomarkers of Immune Recovery: Apelin Receptor, RBP4 and ZAG Are Related to CD4+ T-Cell Reconstitution in PLHIV on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.
%D 2022
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10668/21139
%X A significant proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who successfully achieve virological suppression fail to recover CD4+ T-cell counts. Since adipose tissue has been discovered as a key immune organ, this study aimed to assess the role of adipokines in the HIV immunodiscordant response. This is a multicenter prospective study including 221 PLHIV starting the first antiretroviral therapy (ART) and classified according to baseline CD4+ T-cell counts/µL (controls > 200 cells/µL and cases ≤ 200 cells/µL). Immune failure recovery was considered when cases did not reach more than 250 CD4+ T cells/µL at 144 weeks (immunological nonresponders, INR). Circulating adipokine concentrations were longitudinally measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. At baseline, apelin receptor (APLNR) and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) concentrations were significantly lower in INRs than in immunological responders (p = 0.043 and p = 0.034), and they remained lower during all ART follow-up visits (p = 0.044 and p = 0.028 for APLNR, p = 0.038 and p = 0.010 for ZAG, at 48 and 144 weeks, respectively). ZAG levels positively correlated with retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels (p < 0.01), and low circulating RBP4 concentrations were related to a low CD4+ T-cell gain (p = 0.018 and p = 0.039 at 48 and 144 weeks, respectively). Multiple regression adjusted for clinical variables and adipokine concentrations confirmed both low APLNR and RBP4 as independent predictors for CD4+ T cells at 144 weeks (p < 0.001). In conclusion, low APLNR and RBP4 concentrations were associated with poor immune recovery in treated PLHIV and could be considered predictive biomarkers of a discordant immunological response.
%K HIV
%K adipokines
%K antiretroviral therapy
%K immunodiscordant response
%K poor immune recovery
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