RT Journal Article
T1 Correlation between Biomarkers of Pain in Saliva and PAINAD Scale in Elderly People with Cognitive Impairment and Inability to Communicate
A1 Cantón-Habas, Vanesa
A1 Rich-Ruiz, Manuel
A1 Moreno-Casbas, María Teresa
A1 Ramírez-Expósito, María Jesús
A1 Martínez-Martos, Jose Manuel
A1 Carrera-González, María Del Pilar
K1 Dementia
K1 Pain
K1 Pain assessment in advanced dementia
K1 Biomarkers
K1 Nursing
AB The pain assessment in advanced dementia (PAINAD) appears to be a clinically useful tool. However, the salivary determination of tumor necrosis factor receptor type II (sTNF-RII) and secretory IgA (sIgA) as pain biomarkers is still incipient. The aim was to correlate the PAINAD score with sTNF-RII and sIgA biomarker levels in the saliva of patients with advanced dementia. In this regard, a cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 75 elderly patients with a clinical diagnosis of dementia and a global deterioration scale (GDS) score of 5 to 7. The PAINAD scale was determined by a previously trained professional and the collection of salivary samples was performed using the passive secretion method. Human sTNF-RII and sIgA using ELISA kits. The results showed a correlation between the PAINAD scale (numeric, binary, and recoded) and sTNF-RII and sIgA (p < 0.001). No association between the sociodemographic and clinical variables and the PAINAD scale was found (p > 0.05). Between 97.3% and 96.2% of patients with pain on the PAINAD scale also showed pain based on the sTNF-RII levels; in all of them, sIgA levels did not fit the logistic models. Therefore, the correlation highlights the usefulness of this scale and confirms the usefulness of sTNF-RII and sIgA as biomarkers of pain.
PB MDPI
YR 2021
FD 2021-04-01
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4510
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4510
LA en
NO Cantón-Habas V, Rich-Ruiz M, Moreno-Casbas MT, Ramírez-Expósito MJ, Martínez-Martos JM, Carrera-González MDP. Correlation between Biomarkers of Pain in Saliva and PAINAD Scale in Elderly People with Cognitive Impairment and Inability to Communicate. J Clin Med. 2021 Apr 1;10(7):1424
DS RISalud
RD Aug 13, 2025