Cicatrices renales en menores de 36 meses ingresados por pielonefritis aguda.
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Identifiers
Date
2016-05-16
Authors
Rodriguez-Azor, Begoña
Ramos-Fernandez, Jose Miguel
Sanchiz-Cardenas, Sonia
Cordon-Martinez, Ana
Carazo-Gallego, Begoña
Moreno-Perez, David
Urda-Cardona, Antonio
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
Introducción: Una de las causas más frecuentes de infección bacteriana grave en lactantes es la pielonefritis aguda (PNFA), cuya secuela más prevalente a largo plazo es la instauración de cicatrices renales. Objetivos: Revisar la incidencia de cicatrices renales a los 6 meses de un episodio de PNFA en niños menores de 36 meses y su relación con la clínica, las pruebas de imagen y la bacteriología. Método: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes de uno a 36 meses previamente sanos ingresados por un primer episodio de PNFA, con un seguimiento mínimo de 6 meses. Se recogieron las variables demográficas junto con bacteriología, ecografía, cistourografía miccional seriada, recidivas y gammagrafía-DMSA. Resultados: Se incluyeron 125 pacientes, 60% varones, la mayoría febriles al ingreso (92%), debido a E. coli (74,6%). Existía antecedente de alteración ecográfica prenatal solo en el 15,4%. La ecografía detectó dilatación de la vía urinaria en el 22,1%. En 70 pacientes se indicó cistourografía miccional seriada: 54,3% sin anomalías, 12,8% con reflujo vesicoureteral (RVU) grado I-II y 32,9% con RVU IV-V. Seis pacientes presentaban RVU IV-V con ecografías normales. La adherencia a la gammagrafía DMSA a los 6 meses fue solo del 61% de los indicados. Delos efectuados (60 casos), en un 44,3% se hallaron cicatrices renales, relacionadas significativamente con la recurrencia y el RVU IV-V, pero no con la bacteriología ni con la elevación de reactantes.
Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is one of the most common causes of serious bacterial infection in infants. Renal scarring is the most prevalent long-term complication. To review the incidence of renal scarring within 6 months after an episode of APN in children under 36 months and its relationship with imaging studies, clinical settings, and bacteriology. A retrospective study of previously healthy patients aged one to 36 months, admitted for a first episode of APN, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Demographic and clinical variables were collected along with bacteriology, renal and bladder ultrasound scan, voiding cystourethrography, DMSA-scintigraphy, and re-infection events. A total of 125 patients were included in the study, of which 60% were male, the large majority (92%) febrile, and due to E. coli (74.6%). There was a history of prenatal ultrasound scan changes in 15.4%. Ultrasound scan found dilation of the urinary tract in 22.1%. Voiding cystourethrography was performed on 70 patients: 54.3% no abnormalities, 12.8% vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) grade i-iii, and 32.9% iv-v grade VUR. Six patients had iv-v grade VUR with a normal ultrasound scan. Adherence to DMSA-scintigraphy at 6 months was only 61% of that indicated. Renal scarring was found in 44.3% of those in which it was performed (60 cases). Almost half (44%) DMSA-scintigraphy in children aged one to 36 months hospitalised for APN show renal scarring at 6 months, which was found to be associated with the re-infection events and the iv-v grade VUR. There was no relationship between scarring and the bacteriology or the elevations of inflammatory biochemical markers.
Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is one of the most common causes of serious bacterial infection in infants. Renal scarring is the most prevalent long-term complication. To review the incidence of renal scarring within 6 months after an episode of APN in children under 36 months and its relationship with imaging studies, clinical settings, and bacteriology. A retrospective study of previously healthy patients aged one to 36 months, admitted for a first episode of APN, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Demographic and clinical variables were collected along with bacteriology, renal and bladder ultrasound scan, voiding cystourethrography, DMSA-scintigraphy, and re-infection events. A total of 125 patients were included in the study, of which 60% were male, the large majority (92%) febrile, and due to E. coli (74.6%). There was a history of prenatal ultrasound scan changes in 15.4%. Ultrasound scan found dilation of the urinary tract in 22.1%. Voiding cystourethrography was performed on 70 patients: 54.3% no abnormalities, 12.8% vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) grade i-iii, and 32.9% iv-v grade VUR. Six patients had iv-v grade VUR with a normal ultrasound scan. Adherence to DMSA-scintigraphy at 6 months was only 61% of that indicated. Renal scarring was found in 44.3% of those in which it was performed (60 cases). Almost half (44%) DMSA-scintigraphy in children aged one to 36 months hospitalised for APN show renal scarring at 6 months, which was found to be associated with the re-infection events and the iv-v grade VUR. There was no relationship between scarring and the bacteriology or the elevations of inflammatory biochemical markers.
Description
MeSH Terms
Acute Disease
Child, Preschool
Cicatrix
Female
Hospitalization
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Male
Pyelonephritis
Retrospective Studies
Child, Preschool
Cicatrix
Female
Hospitalization
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Male
Pyelonephritis
Retrospective Studies
DeCS Terms
Cicatriz
Cintigrafía
Succímero
Bacteriología
Reinfección
Infecciones Bacterianas
Cintigrafía
Succímero
Bacteriología
Reinfección
Infecciones Bacterianas
CIE Terms
Keywords
Cicatriz renal, Cistourografía miccional seriada, DMSA-scintigraphy, Gammagrafía DMSA, Pielonefritis, Pyelonephritis, Renal scar, Voiding cystourethrography
Citation
Rodríguez Azor B, Ramos Fernández JM, Sánchiz Cárdenas S, Cordón Martínez A, Carazo Gallego B, Moreno-Pérez D, et al. Cicatrices renales en menores de 36 meses ingresados por pielonefritis aguda [Renal scarring in children under 36 months hospitalised for acute pyelonephritis]. An Pediatr (Barc). 2017 Feb;86(2):76-80. Spanish