Publication: El proyecto EMECAS: protocolo del estudio multicéntrico en España de los efectos a corto plazo de la contaminación atmosférica sobre la salud.
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Identifiers
Date
2005
Authors
Ballester, Ferrán
Saez, Marc
Daponte, Antonio
Ordóñez, Jose Manuel
Taracido, Margarita
Cambra, Koldo
Arribas, Federico
Bellido, Juan B
Guillén, Jesús J
Aguinaga, Inés
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo
Abstract
El proyecto EMECAM constató el efecto a corto plazo de la contaminaci ón atmosférica sobre la mortalidad en 14 ciudades españolas entre 1990 y 1995. El Estudio Multicéntrico Español de Contaminaci ón Atmosférica y Salud (EMECAS) amplía estos objetivos incorporando al análisis datos de morbilidad hospitalaria, utiliza información más reciente y suma un total de 16 ciudades. Se trata de un estudio ecológico de series temporales, siendo las variables respuesta las defunciones diarias y los ingresos hospitalarios urgentes por enfermedades del aparato circulatorio y enfermedades respiratorias en los residentes de cada ciudad. Contaminantes analizados: part ículas en suspensión, SO2, NO2, CO y O3. Variables de control: meteorológicas, de calendario, estacionalidad y tendencia e incidencia de gripe. Análisis estadístico: estimación de la asociación en cada ciudad mediante la construcción de modelos de regresión de Poisson aditivos generalizados, y meta-análisis para la obtención de estimadores conjuntos. Los niveles medios de contaminantes se situaron por debajo de los establecidos por la normativa actual para el dióxido de azufre, el monóxido de carbono y el ozono. Los valores de NO2 y PM10 se situaron alrededor de los establecidos en la normativa (40 mg/m3). Se trata del primer estudio de la relación entre contaminaci ón atmosférica y morbilidad en un conjunto de ciudades españolas. Los niveles de contaminantes estudiados son moderados para algunos contaminantes, aunque en otros, especialmente NO2 y partículas, podrían representar un problema para el cumplimiento de la normativa vigente.
The EMECAM Project demonstrated the short-term effect of air pollution on the death rate in 14 cities in Spain throughout the 1990-1995 period. The Spanish Multicentre Study on Health Effects of Air Pollution (EMECAS) is broadening these objectives by incorporating more recent data, information on hospital disease admissions and totaling 16 Spanish cities. This is an ecological time series study in which the response variables are the daily deaths and the emergency hospitalizations due to circulatory system diseases and respiratory diseases among the residents in each city. Pollutants analyses: suspended particles, SO2, NO2, CO and O3. Control variables: meteorological, calendar, seasonality and influenza trend and incidence. Statistical analysis: estimate of the association in each city by means of the construction of generalized additive Poisson regression models and metanalysis for obtaining combined estimators. The EMECAS Project began with the creation of three working groups (Exposure, Epidemiology and Analysis Methodology) which defined the protocol. The average levels of pollutants were below those established under the current regulations for sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and ozone. The NO2 and PM10 values were around those established under the regulations (40 mg/m3). This is the first study of the relationship between air pollution and disease rate among one group of Spanish cities. The pollution levels studied are moderate for some pollutants, although for others, especially NO2 and particles, these levels could entail a problem with regard to complying with the regulations in force.
The EMECAM Project demonstrated the short-term effect of air pollution on the death rate in 14 cities in Spain throughout the 1990-1995 period. The Spanish Multicentre Study on Health Effects of Air Pollution (EMECAS) is broadening these objectives by incorporating more recent data, information on hospital disease admissions and totaling 16 Spanish cities. This is an ecological time series study in which the response variables are the daily deaths and the emergency hospitalizations due to circulatory system diseases and respiratory diseases among the residents in each city. Pollutants analyses: suspended particles, SO2, NO2, CO and O3. Control variables: meteorological, calendar, seasonality and influenza trend and incidence. Statistical analysis: estimate of the association in each city by means of the construction of generalized additive Poisson regression models and metanalysis for obtaining combined estimators. The EMECAS Project began with the creation of three working groups (Exposure, Epidemiology and Analysis Methodology) which defined the protocol. The average levels of pollutants were below those established under the current regulations for sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and ozone. The NO2 and PM10 values were around those established under the regulations (40 mg/m3). This is the first study of the relationship between air pollution and disease rate among one group of Spanish cities. The pollution levels studied are moderate for some pollutants, although for others, especially NO2 and particles, these levels could entail a problem with regard to complying with the regulations in force.
Description
English Abstract; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;
MeSH Terms
Medical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure
Medical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Public Health Practice::Environmental Monitoring
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
Medical Subject Headings::Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Public Health
Medical Subject Headings::Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain
Medical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Air Pollution
Medical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Public Health Practice::Environmental Monitoring
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
Medical Subject Headings::Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Public Health
Medical Subject Headings::Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain
Medical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Air Pollution
DeCS Terms
CIE Terms
Keywords
Air pollution, Hospital admissions, Mortality, Cardiovascular diseases, Respiratory diseases, Time series, Contaminación atmosférica, Ingresos hospitalarios, Mortalidad, Enfermedades cardiovasculares, Enfermedades respiratorias, Series temporales
Citation
Ballester F, Saez M, Daponte A, Ordóñez JM, Taracido M, Cambra K, et al. El proyecto EMECAS: protocolo del estudio multicéntrico en España de los efectos a corto plazo de la contaminación atmosférica sobre la salud. Rev. Esp. Salud Publica 2005; 79(2):229-42