Publication: The effect of central nervous system depressant, stimulant and hallucinogenic drugs on injury severity in patients admitted for trauma.
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Date
2017-08-05
Authors
Cordovilla-Guardia, Sergio
Lardelli-Claret, Pablo
Vilar-López, Raquel
López-Espuela, Fidel
Guerrero-López, Francisco
Fernández-Mondéjar, Enrique
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Abstract
The effect of drugs other than alcohol on severity of trauma remains unclear. Pooled data analyses in previous studies that grouped substances with opposite effects on the central nervous system (CNS) may have masked the influence of substances on injury severity. The aim was to analyze the effect of stimulant, hallucinogenic and depressant drugs other than alcohol on injury severity in trauma patients. The presence of alcohol, stimulant drugs (cocaine, amphetamines and methamphetamines), depressant drugs (benzodiazepines, opiates, methadone and barbiturates) and hallucinogenic drugs (THC and PCP) was analyzed in 1187 patients between 16 and 70 years old admitted to a trauma hospital between November 2012 and June 2015. Injury severity was determined prospectively as the Injury Severity Score. A multivariate analysis was used to quantify the strength of association between exposure to substances and trauma severity, using the presence of alcohol as a stratification variable. Drugs other than alcohol were found in 371 patients (31.3%): 32 (2.7%) stimulants, 186 (15.3%) depressants, 78 (6.6%) hallucinogenics and 75 (5.6%) polydrug use. The presence of CNS depressant substances was associated with increased injury severity only in patients also exposed to alcohol, with an adjusted odds ratio of 4.63 (1.37-15.60) for moderate injuries and 7.83 (2.53-24.21) for severe. CNS depressant drugs had a strong influence on injury severity in patients who screened positive for alcohol consumption.
Description
MeSH Terms
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Central Nervous System Depressants
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Ethanol
Female
Hallucinogens
Hospitalization
Humans
Injury Severity Score
Male
Middle Aged
Substance-Related Disorders
Wounds and Injuries
Young Adult
Adult
Aged
Central Nervous System Depressants
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Ethanol
Female
Hallucinogens
Hospitalization
Humans
Injury Severity Score
Male
Middle Aged
Substance-Related Disorders
Wounds and Injuries
Young Adult
DeCS Terms
CIE Terms
Keywords
Alcohol, Benzodiacepinas, Benzodiazepines, Drogas, Drugs of abuse, Injury Severity Score, Psicofármacos, Psychotropic drugs