Publication: Epidemiología de los ingresos por bronquiolitis en el sur de Europa: análisis de las epidemias 2010-2015.
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Identifiers
Date
2016-11-17
Authors
Ramos-Fernandez, Jose Miguel
Pedrero-Segura, Eva
Gutierrez-Bedmar, Mario
Delgado-Martin, Beatriz
Cordon-Martinez, Ana Maria
Moreno-Perez, David
Urda-Cardona, Antonio
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
Introducción: La renovación de las guías de práctica clínica sobre la bronquiolitis aguda (BA) obliga a reevaluar las consecuencias de su implantación. Pretendemos actualizar las principales variables clínico-epidemiológicas en pacientes ingresados por BA en el sur de Europa y analizarlas, así como las causas de la estancia prolongada. Pacientes y método: Estudio retrospectivo de ingresos por BA durante 5 epidemias (2010-2015), con descripción de las principales variables clínico-epidemiológicas y análisis por regresión logística de los factores asociados a mayor estancia. Resultados: El inicio de la epidemia ocurrió entre la cuarta semana de septiembre y la tercera de octubre. De los menores de 2 años (42.530 niños), el 15,21% requirieron ingreso. Conclusiones: El inicio de la epidemia de bronquiolitis mostró una variabilidad de hasta 4 semanas en nuestro medio. Tras 5 años de la implantación de la guía de práctica clínica, la incidencia de ingresos está en torno al 2,3% y parece estable respecto a estudios previos. La edad media de los pacientes desciende a 2,4 meses, aunque con una proporción similar de ingresos en la UCI pediátrica del 8,5%. Los factores de riesgo independientes asociados a una estancia hospitalaria más prolongada fueron: bajo peso al nacimiento, edad menor de un mes, apneas previas al ingreso, ingesta inferior al 50% y la sobreinfección bacteriana grave, donde la infección respiratoria superó la prevalencia de infección del tracto urinario grave. De los 6.468 pacientes que acudieron a urgencias por BA, el 2,36% ingresaron (1.006 pacientes), con un 18,5% de prematuros. El 12,2% tenían peso al nacimiento inferior a 2.300 g, el 21,1% eran menores de un mes, consultaron por apnea asociada el 10,8%, ingesta inferior al 50% en el 31,1% y presentaban sobreinfección bacteriana el 13,1%. Estos factores se asociaron de forma independiente a la estancia prolongada. La mediana de estancia fue de 5 días y la proporción de ingresos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) fue del 8,5% de los casos.
The renewal of clinical practice guidelines on acute bronchiolitis (AB) requires the re-assessment of the consequences of their implementation. An update is presented on the main clinical and epidemiological variables in patients hospitalised due to AB in Southern Europe and an analysis made of the causes associated with longer hospital stay. A retrospective study was conducted on patients admitted to hospital due to AB during 5 epidemics (2010-2015), with an analysis of the major clinical and epidemiological variables. A logistic regression analysis was performed on the factors associated with a longer hospital stay. The beginning of the epidemic occurred between the 4th week of September and the 3rd week of October. Of those children under 2 years (42,530), 15.21% (6,468 patients) attended paediatric emergency department due to having AB, and 2.36% (1,006 patients) were admitted. Of these, 18.5% of were premature, 12.2% had a birth weight The beginning of the bronchiolitis epidemic showed a variability of up to 4 weeks in this region. Five years after implementing the new guidelines, the incidence of admissions was approximately 2.3%, and appeared stable compared to previous studies. The mean age of the patients decreased to 2.4 months, although with a similar proportion of PICU admissions of 8.5%. Independent factors associated with prolonged stay were: low birth weight, age less than one month, apnoea prior-to-admission, intake of less than 50%, and severe bacterial superinfection. Respiratory bacterial infection exceeded the prevalence of urinary tract infection.
The renewal of clinical practice guidelines on acute bronchiolitis (AB) requires the re-assessment of the consequences of their implementation. An update is presented on the main clinical and epidemiological variables in patients hospitalised due to AB in Southern Europe and an analysis made of the causes associated with longer hospital stay. A retrospective study was conducted on patients admitted to hospital due to AB during 5 epidemics (2010-2015), with an analysis of the major clinical and epidemiological variables. A logistic regression analysis was performed on the factors associated with a longer hospital stay. The beginning of the epidemic occurred between the 4th week of September and the 3rd week of October. Of those children under 2 years (42,530), 15.21% (6,468 patients) attended paediatric emergency department due to having AB, and 2.36% (1,006 patients) were admitted. Of these, 18.5% of were premature, 12.2% had a birth weight The beginning of the bronchiolitis epidemic showed a variability of up to 4 weeks in this region. Five years after implementing the new guidelines, the incidence of admissions was approximately 2.3%, and appeared stable compared to previous studies. The mean age of the patients decreased to 2.4 months, although with a similar proportion of PICU admissions of 8.5%. Independent factors associated with prolonged stay were: low birth weight, age less than one month, apnoea prior-to-admission, intake of less than 50%, and severe bacterial superinfection. Respiratory bacterial infection exceeded the prevalence of urinary tract infection.
Description
MeSH Terms
Acute Disease
Bronchiolitis
Female
Hospitalization
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Retrospective Studies
Spain
Time Factors
Bronchiolitis
Female
Hospitalization
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Retrospective Studies
Spain
Time Factors
DeCS Terms
Epidemias
Tiempo de internación
Infecciones bacterianas
Estudios retrospectivos
Sobreinfección
Servicio de urgencia en hospital
Tiempo de internación
Infecciones bacterianas
Estudios retrospectivos
Sobreinfección
Servicio de urgencia en hospital
CIE Terms
Keywords
Bronchiolitis, Bronquiolitis, Epidemiological studies, Estancia, Estudio epidemiológico, Infección respiratoria, Length of hospital stay, Respiratory infection
Citation
Ramos-Fernández JM, Pedrero-Segura E, Gutiérrez-Bedmar M, Delgado-Martín B, Cordón-Martínez AM, Moreno-Pérez D, et al. Epidemiología de los ingresos por bronquiolitis en el sur de Europa: análisis de las epidemias 2010-2015 [Epidemiology of patients hospitalised due to bronchiolitis in the south of Europe: Analysis of the epidemics, 2010-2015]. An Pediatr (Barc). 2017 Nov;87(5):260-268. Spanish