Publication:
Breast and Gut Microbiota Action Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis and Treatment

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Date

2020-08-31

Authors

Laborda-Illanes, Aurora
Sanchez-Alcoholado, Lidia
Dominguez-Recio, María Emilia
Jimenez-Rodriguez, Begoña
Lavado, Rocío
Comino-Méndez, Iñaki
Alba, Emilio
Queipo-Ortuño, María Isabel

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MDPI
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Abstract

In breast cancer (BC) the employment of sequencing technologies for metagenomic analyses has allowed not only the description of the overall metagenomic landscape but also the specific microbial changes and their functional implications. Most of the available data suggest that BC is related to bacterial dysbiosis in both the gut microenvironment and breast tissue. It is hypothesized that changes in the composition and functions of several breast and gut bacterial taxa may contribute to BC development and progression through several pathways. One of the most prominent roles of gut microbiota is the regulation of steroid-hormone metabolism, such as estrogens, a component playing an important role as risk factor in BC development, especially in postmenopausal women. On the other hand, breast and gut resident microbiota are the link in the reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and their local environment, since microbiota are capable of modulating mucosal and systemic immune responses. Several in vivo and in vitro studies show remarkable evidence that diet, probiotics and prebiotics could exert important anticarcinogenic effects in BC. Moreover, gut microbiota have an important role in the metabolism of chemotherapeutic drugs and in the activity of immunogenic chemotherapies since they are a potential dominant mediator in the response to cancer therapy. Then, the microbiome impact in BC is multi-factorial, and the gut and breast tissue bacteria population could be important in regulating the local immune system, in tumor formation and progression and in therapy response and/or resistance.

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Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Breast Neoplasms
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Microbiological Phenomena::Microbiota
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immunity
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Inflammation
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Processes::Gene Expression Regulation::Epigenesis, Genetic
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Antineoplastic Agents
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Polysaccharides::Polysaccharides, Bacterial::Prebiotics
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Dysbiosis
Medical Subject Headings::Technology and Food and Beverages::Food and Beverages::Food::Dietary Supplements
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Sexual Development::Climacteric::Menopause::Postmenopause
Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Female
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors

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Keywords

Breast cancer, Microbiota, Estrobolome, Immune responds, Inflammation, Epigenetic modulation, Anticancer therapy, Prebiotics, Probiotics, Neoplasias de la mama, Inmunidad, Inflamación, Epigénesis genética, Antineoplásicos, Prebióticos, Probióticos

Citation

Laborda-Illanes A, Sanchez-Alcoholado L, Dominguez-Recio ME, Jimenez-Rodriguez B, Lavado R, Comino-Méndez I, et al. Breast and Gut Microbiota Action Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis and Treatment. Cancers. 2020 Aug 31;12(9):2465