Publication: Migración diagnóstica entre Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje y Trastorno del Espectro Autista: Estudio exploratorio del impacto en los Centros de Atención Infantil Temprana
Loading...
Identifiers
Date
2021
Authors
Vacas, Julia
Antolí, Adoración
Sánchez-Raya, Araceli
Pérez-Dueñas, Carolina
Cuadrado, Fátima
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Ediciones Complutense
Abstract
Trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL) y trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) son trastornos del neurodesarrollo muy similares a edades tempranas, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico diferencial temprano. El fenómeno ‘migración diagnóstica’ alude al cambio diagnóstico por evolución del trastorno o modificación de criterios diagnósticos, instrumentos o técnicas de evaluación. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la incidencia y el impacto del fenómeno en los centros de atención infantil temprana (CAITs) de la provincia de Córdoba. A través de un cuestionario en formato online habilitado desde marzo a mayo de 2020, los responsables de los CAITs proporcionaron datos cuantitativos sobre este fenómeno y su valoración del impacto en la intervención, el pronóstico y las familias de población infantil de 0 a 6 años. Diez CAITs con financiación pública respondieron al cuestionario. Los resultados arrojaron una alta incidencia del fenómeno migración diagnóstica, principalmente desde TEA hacia TEL. También se observó una diferencia significativa en el número de casos diagnosticados en ambos trastornos, siendo TEA el diagnóstico mayoritario. El impacto de este fenómeno sobre el pronóstico del niño y la familia se estimó positivo, ya que generalmente suponía una evolución hacia un trastorno más leve. Estos resultados ofrecen una aproximación hacia un tema de importancia y escasa investigación hasta la fecha. Continuar esta línea de investigación ampliando la muestra de centros, la información sociodemográfica de los mismos e incluyendo la perspectiva de las familias mejoraría el conocimiento de estos trastornos y favorecería la práctica clínica en el ámbito de la atención temprana.
Specific language impairment (SLI) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are very similar neurodevelopmental disorders mainly at early ages, which hampers early differential diagnosis. Diagnostic migration involves the shift of diagnosis either because of the development of the disorder or because of changes in diagnostic criteria or assessment tools. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence and impact of this phenomenon in the centres of early intervention (CEIs) in Córdoba. Through an online survey available from March to May 2020, the CEIs managers provided quantitative data on the phenomenon as well as their appraisal of its impact on the intervention, prognosis, and family of children from 0 to 6 years. Ten public CEIs filled the survey. Results yielded a high incidence of diagnostic migration, this phenomenon occurred mainly from ASD to SLI. A significant disproportion of ASD and SLI diagnoses was also highlighted, being ASD the major one. The impact of diagnostic migration on child prognosis and family was deemed positive as it occurred mainly from a severe disorder to a more moderate one. Results from this study provide an initial approach to a relevant and unknown phenomenon. This line of research by increasing the sample deepening on socio-demographic information and including families perspective may improve our knowledge of SLI and ASD, as well as support clinical practice in early intervention.
Specific language impairment (SLI) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are very similar neurodevelopmental disorders mainly at early ages, which hampers early differential diagnosis. Diagnostic migration involves the shift of diagnosis either because of the development of the disorder or because of changes in diagnostic criteria or assessment tools. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence and impact of this phenomenon in the centres of early intervention (CEIs) in Córdoba. Through an online survey available from March to May 2020, the CEIs managers provided quantitative data on the phenomenon as well as their appraisal of its impact on the intervention, prognosis, and family of children from 0 to 6 years. Ten public CEIs filled the survey. Results yielded a high incidence of diagnostic migration, this phenomenon occurred mainly from ASD to SLI. A significant disproportion of ASD and SLI diagnoses was also highlighted, being ASD the major one. The impact of diagnostic migration on child prognosis and family was deemed positive as it occurred mainly from a severe disorder to a more moderate one. Results from this study provide an initial approach to a relevant and unknown phenomenon. This line of research by increasing the sample deepening on socio-demographic information and including families perspective may improve our knowledge of SLI and ASD, as well as support clinical practice in early intervention.
Description
MeSH Terms
Medical Subject Headings::Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Child
Medical Subject Headings::Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn
Medical Subject Headings::Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Child::Child, Preschool
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Neurologic Manifestations::Neurobehavioral Manifestations::Communication Disorders::Language Disorders
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnosis, Differential
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Incidence
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nervous System Diseases::Neurologic Manifestations::Neurobehavioral Manifestations::Communication Disorders::Language Disorders::Language Development Disorders
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
Medical Subject Headings::Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn
Medical Subject Headings::Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Child::Child, Preschool
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Neurologic Manifestations::Neurobehavioral Manifestations::Communication Disorders::Language Disorders
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnosis, Differential
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Incidence
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nervous System Diseases::Neurologic Manifestations::Neurobehavioral Manifestations::Communication Disorders::Language Disorders::Language Development Disorders
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
DeCS Terms
CIE Terms
Keywords
Trastorno específico del lenguaje, Trastorno del espectro autista, Migración diagnóstica, Atención temprana, Specific language impairment, Developmental language disorder, Autism spectrum disorder, Diagnostic migration, Early childhood intervention
Citation
Vacas Ruiz J, Antolí Cabrera A, Sánchez-Raya A, Pérez-Dueñas C, Cuadrado Hidalgo F. Migración diagnóstica entre Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje y Trastorno del Espectro Autista: Estudio exploratorio del impacto en los Centros de Atención Infantil Temprana. Revista de Investigación en Logopedia. 2021;11:77-88.