Publication:
Colorectal Cancer Classification and Cell Heterogeneity: A Systems Oncology Approach.

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Date

2015-06-15

Authors

Blanco-Calvo, Moisés
Concha, Ángel
Figueroa, Angélica
Garrido, Federico
Valladares-Ayerbes, Manuel

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MDPI
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Abstract

Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease that manifests through diverse clinical scenarios. During many years, our knowledge about the variability of colorectal tumors was limited to the histopathological analysis from which generic classifications associated with different clinical expectations are derived. However, currently we are beginning to understand that under the intense pathological and clinical variability of these tumors there underlies strong genetic and biological heterogeneity. Thus, with the increasing available information of inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity, the classical pathological approach is being displaced in favor of novel molecular classifications. In the present article, we summarize the most relevant proposals of molecular classifications obtained from the analysis of colorectal tumors using powerful high throughput techniques and devices. We also discuss the role that cancer systems biology may play in the integration and interpretation of the high amount of data generated and the challenges to be addressed in the future development of precision oncology. In addition, we review the current state of implementation of these novel tools in the pathological laboratory and in clinical practice.

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REVIEW;

MeSH Terms

Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Digestive System Neoplasms::Gastrointestinal Neoplasms::Intestinal Neoplasms::Colorectal Neoplasms
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Individualized Medicine
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Drug Therapy::Molecular Targeted Therapy
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
Medical Subject Headings::Disciplines and Occupations::Natural Science Disciplines::Biological Science Disciplines::Biology::Computational Biology::Systems Biology

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Keywords

Colorectal cancer, Classification, Heterogeneity, Cancer systems biology, Molecular pathology, Targeted therapy, Precision medicine, Neoplasias Colorrectales, Medicina Individualizada, Terapia Molecular Dirigida, Humanos, Biología de Sistemas

Citation

Blanco-Calvo M, Concha Á, Figueroa A, Garrido F, Valladares-Ayerbes M. Colorectal Cancer Classification and Cell Heterogeneity: A Systems Oncology Approach. Int J Mol Sci. 2015; 16(6):13610-13632