Publication:
Impact of dietary betaine and conjugated linoleic acid on insulin sensitivity, protein and fat metabolism of obese pigs.

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Date

2012-07

Authors

Fernández-Fígares, I
Lachica, M
Martín, A
Nieto, R
González-Valero, L
Rodríguez-López, J M
Aguilera, J F

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Cambridge University Press
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Abstract

To determine possible mechanisms of action that might explain the nutrient partitioning effect of betaine and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in Iberian pigs and to address potential adverse effects, twenty gilts were restrictively fed from 20 to 50 kg BW Control, 0.5% betaine, 1% CLA or 0.5% betaine + 1% CLA diets. Serum hormones and metabolites profile were determined at 30 kg BW and an oral glucose test was performed before slaughter. Pigs were slaughtered at 50 kg BW and livers were obtained for chemical and histological analysis. Decreased serum urea in pigs fed betaine and betaine + CLA diets (11%; P = 0.0001) indicated a more efficient N utilization. The increase in serum triacylglycerol (58% and 28%, respectively; P = 0.0098) indicated that CLA and betaine + CLA could have reduced adipose tissue triacylglycerol synthesis from preformed fatty acids. Serum glucose, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acids were unaffected. CLA and betaine + CLA altered serum lipids profile, although liver of pigs fed CLA diet presented no histopathological changes and triglyceride content was not different from Control pigs. Compared with controls, serum growth hormone decreased (20% to 23%; P = 0.0209) for all treatments. Although serum insulin increased in CLA, and especially in betaine + CLA pigs (28% and 83%; P = 0.0001), indices of insulin resistance were unaffected. In conclusion, CLA, and especially betaine + CLA, induced changes in biochemical parameters and hormones that may partially explain a nutrient partitioning effect in young pigs. Nevertheless, they exhibited weak, although detrimental, effects on blood lipids. Moreover, although livers were chemically and histologically normal, pigs fed CLA diet challenged with a glucose load had higher serum glucose than controls.

Description

Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;

MeSH Terms

Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amines::Quaternary Ammonium Compounds::Trimethyl Ammonium Compounds::Betaine
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Dietary Proteins
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists::Hormones
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists::Hormones::Peptide Hormones::Pancreatic Hormones::Insulins::Proinsulin::Insulin
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Hyperinsulinism::Insulin Resistance
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids, Unsaturated::Fatty Acids, Omega-6::Linoleic Acids::Linoleic Acids, Conjugated
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Lipid Metabolism
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Digestive System::Liver
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity
Medical Subject Headings::Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Artiodactyla::Swine::Sus scrofa
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::Triglycerides
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Urea
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Analysis of Variance
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

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Keywords

Betaine, CLA, Insulin sensitivity, Liver histology, Pig, Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales, Animales, Betaína, Insulina, Resistencia a la Insulina, Obesidad, España

Citation

Fernández-Fígares I, Lachica M, Martín A, Nieto R, González-Valero L, Rodríguez-López JM, et al. Impact of dietary betaine and conjugated linoleic acid on insulin sensitivity, protein and fat metabolism of obese pigs. Animal. 2012; 6(7):1058-67