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Hábitos y estilos de vida modificables en niños con sobrepeso y obesidad.

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Date

2010-09

Authors

Villagrán Pérez, S
Rodríguez-Martín, A
Novalbos Ruiz, J P
Martínez Nieto, J M
Lechuga Campoy, J L

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Aula Médica Ediciones
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Abstract

Introducción: En la prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad se presta mucha atención a la influencia de factores dietéticos siendo necesaria su valoración con otros factores modificables. Objetivos: Estudiar la asociación entre factores modificables (actividad física, sedentarismo, y hábitos dietéticos) con la existencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en población infantojuvenil. Métodos: Estudio transversal de 1283 escolares de 3 a 16 años con medición del IMC, hábitos dietéticos, actividad física, sedentarismo y antecedentes familiares de sobrecarga ponderal. La actividad física medida en MET se clasifico según los criterios de Pate. Resultados: El 22,4% de los niños y el 32,9% de las niñas presentaron sobrecarga ponderal. La presencia de IMC>25 en los padres multiplico por 2,4 el riesgo de sobrecarga ponderal en los hijos (IC95% 1,5-3,7). Cumplen con las recomendaciones de actividad física el 63,6% de los niños con sobrecarga ponderal frente al 52,2% en la niñas, aunque en estas resulto ser superior a la media (45%). El tiempo de sedentarismo fue de 141 minutos en niños y 128 en la mujer, el mayor sedentarismo se asocia a sobrecarga ponderal, especialmente en niñas a partir de los 12 años (66.7%). El consumo de cereales (OR 0,8) y realizar cinco comidas al día (OR 0,5) actuan como protectores. Conclusiones: En los niños con sobrecarga ponderal, los niveles de actividad física estan próximos a los recomendados, por lo que los valores de sedentarismo junto con los hábitos alimentarios, especialmente si los padres presentan sobrecarga ponderal, adquieren una mayor relevancia en las estrategias de intervención.
INTRODUCTION In the prevention for being overweight and for obesity, much attention is given to the influence of dietary factors, making the joint evaluation with other modifiable factors necessary. OBJECTIVES The aim of this project is to study the association between modifiable factors (physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, and dietary habits) with the prevalence of being overweight or obese in the youth population. METHODS Cross-Sectional study of 1283 school children between the ages of 3 and 16 years old, with measurements of the MBI, dietary habits, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and family history of being overweight. Physical activity measured in MET was classified according to Pate criteria. RESULTS 22.4% of the boys and 32.9% of the girls were overweight. The presence of a BMI>25 in parents multiplied by 2.4 the risk of being overweight in children (OR CI 95% 1.5-3.7). 63.6% of overweight boys meet physical activity recommendations compared with 52.2% of girls, although in their case, it was greater than the average (45%). Sedentary time was 141 minutes for men and 128 minutes for women, with more sedentary behaviors associated with being overweight, especially in girls over 12 years of age (66.7%). Consuming cereal (OR 0.8) and having five meals per day (OR 0.5) act as protective factors. CONCLUSIONS In subjects with overweight, the levels of physical activity are close to those recommended levels, so which the values of a sedentary lifestyle together with dietary habits (if the parents have overweight) acquire a new relevance in intervention strategies of this problem.

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English Abstract; Journal Article;

MeSH Terms

Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index
Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child
Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child::Child, Preschool
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cross-Sectional Studies
Medical Subject Headings::Disciplines and Occupations::Human Activities::Exercise
Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Female
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Habits::Food Habits
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology, Social::Life Style
Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Male
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Processes::Movement::Motor Activity
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Body Weight::Overweight
Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adolescent

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Keywords

Índice de masa corporal, Adolescente, Niño, Preescolar, Estudios transversales, Ejercicio, Hábitos alimenticios, Estilo de vida, Actividad motora, Obesidad, Sobrespeso, Obesity, Child, Risk factors, Exercise, Sedentary Lifestyle

Citation

Villagrán Pérez S, Rodríguez-Martín A, Novalbos Ruiz JP, Martínez Nieto JM, Lechuga Campoy JL. Hábitos y estilos de vida modificables en niños con sobrepeso y obesidad. Nutr Hosp; 25(5):823-31