Publication: Did psychotropic drug consumption increase during the 2008 financial crisis? A cross-sectional population-based study in Spain.
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Date
2019-01-22
Authors
Arroyo, Elena
Cabrera-León, Andrés
Renart, Gemma
Saurina, Carme
Serra Saurina, Laura
Daponte, Antonio
Saez, Marc
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Abstract
Although psychotropic drugs are used to treat mental health disorders, little evidence analyses the effects the 2008 economic downturn had on psychotropic drug consumption in the case of Spain. We analyse these effects, considering both gender and employment situation. We used the microdata from the face-to-face cross-sectional population-based Spanish National Health Survey for two periods: 2006-2007 (n=28 954) and 2011-2012 (n=20 509). Our samples included adults (>15 years old). The response variables are consumption (or not) of antidepressants or sedatives and the explanatory variables are the year of the survey, gender and employment status. Covariates are mental health problems, mental health index General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and self-reported health outcome variables such as self-rated health, chronic diseases, smoking behaviour, sleeping hours, body mass index, physical activity in the workplace, medical visits during the past year, age, region of residence (autonomous communities), educational level, marital status and social class of the reference person. Finally, we include interactions between time period, gender and employment status. We specify random effects logistic regressions and use Bayesian methods for the inference. The economic crisis did not significantly change the probability of taking antidepressant drugs (OR=0.56, 95% CI 0.18 to 2.56) nor sedatives (OR=1.21, 95% CI 0.26 to 5.49). In general, the probability of consuming antidepressants among men and women decreases, but there are differences depending on employment status. The probability of consuming sedatives also depends on the employment status. While the year of the financial crisis is not associated with the consumption of antidepressants nor sedatives, it has widened the gap in consumption differences between men and women. Although antidepressant use dropped, the difference in consumption levels between men and women grew significantly among the retired, and in the case of sedatives, risk of women taking sedatives increased in all groups except students.
Description
MeSH Terms
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Antidepressive Agents
Bayes Theorem
Cross-Sectional Studies
Economic Recession
Employment
Female
Health Surveys
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Logistic Models
Male
Marital Status
Mental Disorders
Middle Aged
Sex Factors
Social Class
Spain
Unemployment
Young Adult
Adult
Aged
Antidepressive Agents
Bayes Theorem
Cross-Sectional Studies
Economic Recession
Employment
Female
Health Surveys
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Logistic Models
Male
Marital Status
Mental Disorders
Middle Aged
Sex Factors
Social Class
Spain
Unemployment
Young Adult
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CIE Terms
Keywords
cross-sectional studies, drug utilisation, economic downturn, health surveys, mental health, psychotropic drugs